Monitoring 2 x 18650 batteries

[zboblamont]

@nca78 Correct, easily verified and corrected for however...

[kimot]

My way for monitoring battery.
Usually I have not got precise resistor with tolerance +-0.5% etc. for correct calculation, so I build resistor divider with what I approximately found.
Load my device with simple sketch, which reads data from ADC and write this raw ADC data to serial port.
I make notice, that for example 1009 corresponds to 6041mV with fresh battery measured with multimeter.
In my final sketch then using "magic" map Arduino function:

int raw_volt = analogRead(A1);

int volt = map(raw_volt, 0, 1009, 0, 6041);

Not very useful for "mass production", but for my prototyping it is ok.

[Crumpy10]

@electrik Hi, the 2.2Meg is connected to the battery and the 330k is connected to GND.

Cheers

[Crumpy10]

@mfalkvidd been there already but thanks.

[electrik]

What is the value you read from the analog port, when the battery is 8.4v? So the value before calculating the voltage.

[Nca78]

@kimot said in Monitoring 2 x 18650 batteries:

My way for monitoring battery.
Usually I have not got precise resistor with tolerance +-0.5% etc. for correct calculation, so I build resistor divider with what I approximately found.
Load my device with simple sketch, which reads data from ADC and write this raw ADC data to serial port.
I make notice, that for example 1009 corresponds to 6041mV with fresh battery measured with multimeter.
In my final sketch then using "magic" map Arduino function:

int raw_volt = analogRead(A1);

int volt = map(raw_volt, 0, 1009, 0, 6041);

Not very useful for "mass production", but for my prototyping it is ok.

For "mass production", you would run a config script, with known vcc applied to the board, and save measured value in EEPROM. Then you just have to reload this value to pass to the map function.

[Crumpy10]

@electrik Not sure what it would be at 8.4v because that would be two fully charged 18650's and the two I have on test are currently giving 7.80v on the multimeter and returning about 870 on the serial monitor, reporting battery at 0.94v and 86%

I would need to fully recharge two batteries later to tell what the max would be.

[zboblamont]

@crumpy10 Am a bit rusty on this, but would an ADC reading 870 on a 7.8v supply not translate to an ADC reading of 1023 and 9.17v.?
Replacing the 6.1 factor in "float batteryV = sensorValue * 6.1 / 1023;" with 9.17 will derive the true voltage.
As to the weird results, it suggests the INTERNAL reference is not latching, perhaps remark out the #if define... etc lines to leave "analogReference(INTERNAL);" entirely on it's own.

[electrik]

You should know at what voltage level the ADC tells you 1023. It can be 1,1 but if it is at 1,12 you're already far off with your calculation.
So probably calibrating like mentioned above would be the best.

[tochinet]

A few "reality checks" with ADCs :

• The precision of the ADC is limited to 0.1% at full scale (1024). This means that when measuring smaller values, it's less precise. For example, when measuring 1/10 of the reference, your precision is down to 1% already.
• Analog noise is usually in the range of 10mV is your circuit is carefully designed. Similar to above, it has a bigger effect on small values, but also on smaller references (1.1V is 3x more sensible to noise than 3.3V). Add a 10nF capacity in parallel to your 330k for better resilience.
• ADC is slow and needs time to calculate. Wait enough time between changing parameters and reading value (the Ardunio routines don't).

I'd suggest you do a for() loop of 20x reading your ADC, and see the variation : mean(), std() and trend (for example last 5 - first 5). It could learn you a few things.