Array Relay Button Actuator

[niccodemi]

@jeylites Thanks, toggle switch works but there is issue when node boots / restarts. On 1st restart relays stay OFF, on 2nd come ON, on 3rd again OFF and so on. It seems that whatever happens during Setup is reversed in Loop. Hopefully someone can point out what should be changed in modified sketch.

#define MY_RADIO_NRF24

#define MY_REPEATER_FEATURE

#include <MySensor.h>
#include <SPI.h>
#include <Bounce2.h>
#define RELAY_ON 0                      // switch around for realy HIGH/LOW state
#define RELAY_OFF 1
//

#define noRelays 2                     //2-4
const int relayPin[] = {14,15};          //  switch around pins to your desire
const int buttonPin[] = {3,4};      //  switch around pins to your desire

class Relay             // relay class, store all relevant data (equivalent to struct)
{
public:                                      
  int buttonPin;                   // physical pin number of button
  int relayPin;             // physical pin number of relay
  byte oldValue;                    // last Values for key (debounce)
  boolean relayState;               // relay status (also stored in EEPROM)
};

Relay Relays[noRelays]; 
Bounce debouncer[noRelays];
MyMessage msg[noRelays];

void setup(){
    sendHeartbeat();
    wait(250);
    // Initialize Relays with corresponding buttons
    for (int i = 0; i < noRelays; i++){
    Relays[i].buttonPin = buttonPin[i];              // assign physical pins
    Relays[i].relayPin = relayPin[i];
    msg[i].sensor = i;                                   // initialize messages
    msg[i].type = V_LIGHT;
    debouncer[i] = Bounce();                        // initialize debouncer
    debouncer[i].attach(buttonPin[i]);
    debouncer[i].interval(5);
    pinMode(Relays[i].buttonPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
    //digitalWrite(Relays[i].relayPin, RELAY_OFF);
    wait(250);
    pinMode(Relays[i].relayPin, OUTPUT);
    Relays[i].relayState = loadState(i);                               // retrieve last values from EEPROM
    digitalWrite(Relays[i].relayPin, Relays[i].relayState? RELAY_ON:RELAY_OFF);   // and set relays accordingly
    send(msg[i].set(Relays[i].relayState? true : false));                  // make controller aware of last status  
    wait(250);
    }
}
void presentation()  {
      sendSketchInfo("MultiRelayButton", "0.9g");
      wait(250);
      for (int i = 0; i < noRelays; i++)
      present(i, S_LIGHT);                               // present sensor to gateway
}
void loop()
    {
    for (byte i = 0; i < noRelays; i++){
    debouncer[i].update();
    byte value = debouncer[i].read();
    if (value != Relays[i].oldValue){
    Relays[i].relayState = !Relays[i].relayState;
    digitalWrite(Relays[i].relayPin, Relays[i].relayState?RELAY_ON:RELAY_OFF);
    send(msg[i].set(Relays[i].relayState? true : false));
    saveState( i, Relays[i].relayState );}                 // save sensor state in EEPROM (location == sensor number)
    
        Relays[i].oldValue = value;      
    }
}
// process incoming message 
void receive(const MyMessage &message){        
   if (message.type == V_LIGHT){ 
   if (message.sensor <noRelays){            // check if message is valid for relays..... previous line  [[[ if (message.sensor <=noRelays){ ]]]
   Relays[message.sensor].relayState = message.getBool(); 
   digitalWrite(Relays[message.sensor].relayPin, Relays[message.sensor].relayState? RELAY_ON:RELAY_OFF); // and set relays accordingly
   saveState( message.sensor, Relays[message.sensor].relayState ); // save sensor state in EEPROM (location == sensor number)
   }
  }
}

these are screenshots from restarts

[martinhjelmare]

@niccodemi

Hi!

I think the problem is you're not initializing oldValue to anything. It will then always be different than value in the loop, and state will change.

You should set oldValue to the same "state" as the loaded relayState in setup. Even better, only use relayState, and make it an int. You can do the same boolean evaluations anyway. 1 is true and 0 is false.

Edit:
Sorry, I forgot that this is a pushbutton, right? Then you should just make sure that oldValue and value are the same after setup is complete, ie HIGH.

[niccodemi]

@martinhjelmare

thanks, I understand what you mean but I don't know how to write it in sketch.

I tried inserting

Relays[i].oldValue = Relays[i].relayState;

at the end of Void Setup section but then sketch wouldn't compile. I get "name lookup of 'i' changed 'for' ISO for scoping [-fpermissive]" error. I get same error if I substitute Relays[i].relayState with loadstate.

[martinhjelmare]

@niccodemi

Put this on a line after pinMode() in setup function.

Relays[i].oldValue = digitalRead(Relays[i].buttonPin);

[niccodemi]

@martinhjelmare

Ok, there is an improvement. Relays now turn to same state as they were before reboot most of the time but not always. Sometimes they inverse - the one which was OFF turns ON and vice-versa. Sometimes (1 in 3) they switch ON and OFF (only for split second) in the loop function. See below screenshots:

This sketch is used with toggle button, same as on this photo.

[martinhjelmare]

@niccodemi

Could be the toggle is still bouncing at read time. Try increasing the debouncer interval. For example, double it until no more issues. Then decrease it in halves of what the last increase was until you see the issue again. This way you can try to find the smallest debounce time needed.

[BartE]

@niccodemi You can forget using the oldValue, because the debounce takes track of it's last status. When update() is called and a debounced pin-change is detect this function will return true otherwise it will send false.
Having a short delay each loop will stabilize the debouncers so your loop() can look like this:

void loop()
{
    for (byte i = 0; i < noRelays; i++) {
        if (debouncer[i].update()) {
            Relays[i].relayState = !Relays[i].relayState;
            digitalWrite(Relays[i].relayPin, Relays[i].relayState?RELAY_ON:RELAY_OFF);
            send(msg[i].set(Relays[i].relayState? true : false));
            // save sensor state in EEPROM (location == sensor number)
            saveState( i, Relays[i].relayState );
        }                 
    }
    wait(10);
}

[martinhjelmare]

@BartE

Why do you think it's better to add the wait than to increase debounce interval? Didn't know update returns a boolean, cool.

[BartE]

@martinhjelmare there is no reason to have that many button checks per millisecond, if you "wait" each while loop the MySensors core has more time to process messages i.s.o. of reading I/O pins especially when your node acts as a repeater. (During a wait the process function is called)
A person will not notices a button to take 50 i.s.o 10 milliseconds to respond.

[martinhjelmare]

@BartE

Yes, very good point.

[niccodemi]

@martinhjelmare @BartE thank you both for trying to solve this issue but the problem is still there. On reboot relay (usually just 1 never both) gets set randomly in loop function (setup function always restores correct state). I also tried increasing debouncer up to 500 without success. And I am also sure this is not hardware related because if I load sketch which is meant for momentary switch relays work as expected (tested with 10 consecutive reboots). Just to be on the same page this is latest sketch:

//MultiRelayButton Sketch, MySensors 1.6

#define MY_RADIO_NRF24

#define MY_REPEATER_FEATURE

#include <MySensor.h>
#include <SPI.h>
#include <Bounce2.h>
#define RELAY_ON 0                      // switch around for realy HIGH/LOW state
#define RELAY_OFF 1
//

#define noRelays 2                     //2-4
const int relayPin[] = {14,15};          //  switch around pins to your desire
const int buttonPin[] = {3,4};      //  switch around pins to your desire

class Relay             // relay class, store all relevant data (equivalent to struct)
{
public:                                      
  int buttonPin;                   // physical pin number of button
  int relayPin;             // physical pin number of relay
  //byte oldValue;                    // last Values for key (debounce)
  boolean relayState;               // relay status (also stored in EEPROM)
};

Relay Relays[noRelays]; 
Bounce debouncer[noRelays];
MyMessage msg[noRelays];

void setup(){
    sendHeartbeat();
    wait(250);
    // Initialize Relays with corresponding buttons
    for (int i = 0; i < noRelays; i++){
    Relays[i].buttonPin = buttonPin[i];              // assign physical pins
    Relays[i].relayPin = relayPin[i];
    msg[i].sensor = i;                                   // initialize messages
    msg[i].type = V_LIGHT;
    debouncer[i] = Bounce();                        // initialize debouncer
    debouncer[i].attach(buttonPin[i]);
    debouncer[i].interval(100);
    pinMode(Relays[i].buttonPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
    wait(250);
    pinMode(Relays[i].relayPin, OUTPUT);
    //Relays[i].oldValue = digitalRead(Relays[i].buttonPin);
    Relays[i].relayState = loadState(i);                               // retrieve last values from EEPROM
    digitalWrite(Relays[i].relayPin, Relays[i].relayState? RELAY_ON:RELAY_OFF);   // and set relays accordingly
    send(msg[i].set(Relays[i].relayState? true : false));                  // make controller aware of last status  
    wait(250);
    }
}
void presentation()  {
      sendSketchInfo("MultiRelayButton", "0.9k");
      wait(250);
      for (int i = 0; i < noRelays; i++)
      present(i, S_LIGHT);                               // present sensor to gateway
      wait(250);
}
void loop()
{
    for (byte i = 0; i < noRelays; i++) {
        if (debouncer[i].update()) {
            Relays[i].relayState = !Relays[i].relayState;
            digitalWrite(Relays[i].relayPin, Relays[i].relayState?RELAY_ON:RELAY_OFF);
            send(msg[i].set(Relays[i].relayState? true : false));
            // save sensor state in EEPROM (location == sensor number)
            saveState( i, Relays[i].relayState );
        }                 
    }
    wait(50);
}
// process incoming message 
void receive(const MyMessage &message){        
   if (message.type == V_LIGHT){ 
   if (message.sensor <noRelays){            // check if message is valid for relays..... previous line  [[[ if (message.sensor <=noRelays){ ]]]
   Relays[message.sensor].relayState = message.getBool(); 
   digitalWrite(Relays[message.sensor].relayPin, Relays[message.sensor].relayState? RELAY_ON:RELAY_OFF); // and set relays accordingly
   saveState( message.sensor, Relays[message.sensor].relayState ); // save sensor state in EEPROM (location == sensor number)
   }
  }
  wait(50);
}

[martinhjelmare]

@niccodemi

I think you should setup the button first, pinMode etc, and then setup the debouncer and attach it to the button.

https://github.com/thomasfredericks/Bounce2/wiki

If you attach the debouncer while the pin is floating, the debouncer will probably have a hard time figuring out correct new state.

[niccodemi]

@martinhjelmare

That was it. After I amended sketch according to your advise all the random state changes disappeared. I rebooted node over 20 times in various button / relay states and it always started with relays in correct position. For anyone else interested below is amended sketch.

//MultiRelayButton Sketch, MySensors 1.6, toggle switch

#define MY_RADIO_NRF24

#define MY_REPEATER_FEATURE

#include <MySensor.h>
#include <SPI.h>
#include <Bounce2.h>
#define RELAY_ON 0                      // switch around for ACTIVE LOW / ACTIVE HIGH relay
#define RELAY_OFF 1
//

#define noRelays 2                     //2-4
const int relayPin[] = {14,15};          //  switch around pins to your desire
const int buttonPin[] = {3,4};      //  switch around pins to your desire

class Relay             // relay class, store all relevant data (equivalent to struct)
{
public:                                      
  int buttonPin;                   // physical pin number of button
  int relayPin;             // physical pin number of relay
  boolean relayState;               // relay status (also stored in EEPROM)
};

Relay Relays[noRelays]; 
Bounce debouncer[noRelays];
MyMessage msg[noRelays];

void setup(){
    sendHeartbeat();
    wait(100);
    // Initialize Relays with corresponding buttons
    for (int i = 0; i < noRelays; i++){
    Relays[i].buttonPin = buttonPin[i];              // assign physical pins
    Relays[i].relayPin = relayPin[i];
    msg[i].sensor = i;                                   // initialize messages
    msg[i].type = V_LIGHT;   
    pinMode(Relays[i].buttonPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
    wait(100);
    pinMode(Relays[i].relayPin, OUTPUT);
    Relays[i].relayState = loadState(i);                               // retrieve last values from EEPROM
    digitalWrite(Relays[i].relayPin, Relays[i].relayState? RELAY_ON:RELAY_OFF);   // and set relays accordingly
    send(msg[i].set(Relays[i].relayState? true : false));                  // make controller aware of last status  
    wait(50);
    debouncer[i] = Bounce();                        // initialize debouncer
    debouncer[i].attach(buttonPin[i]);
    debouncer[i].interval(20);
    wait(50);
    }
}
void presentation()  {
      sendSketchInfo("MultiRelayButton", "0.9t");
      wait(100);
      for (int i = 0; i < noRelays; i++)
      present(i, S_LIGHT);                               // present sensor to gateway
      wait(100);
}
void loop()
{
    for (byte i = 0; i < noRelays; i++) {
        if (debouncer[i].update()) {
            Relays[i].relayState = !Relays[i].relayState;
            digitalWrite(Relays[i].relayPin, Relays[i].relayState?RELAY_ON:RELAY_OFF);
            send(msg[i].set(Relays[i].relayState? true : false));
            // save sensor state in EEPROM (location == sensor number)
            saveState( i, Relays[i].relayState );
        }                 
    }
    wait(20);
}
// process incoming message 
void receive(const MyMessage &message){        
   if (message.type == V_LIGHT){ 
   if (message.sensor <noRelays){            // check if message is valid for relays..... previous line  [[[ if (message.sensor <=noRelays){ ]]]
   Relays[message.sensor].relayState = message.getBool(); 
   digitalWrite(Relays[message.sensor].relayPin, Relays[message.sensor].relayState? RELAY_ON:RELAY_OFF); // and set relays accordingly
   saveState( message.sensor, Relays[message.sensor].relayState ); // save sensor state in EEPROM (location == sensor number)
   }
  }
  wait(20);
}

[moskovskiy82]

What is the simplest method to add two extra butons to this sketch not tied to the relay?
I have a four button device. Two will work with relays and two extra utilised in openhab rules

[korttoma]

Just in case someone else finds this thread and decides to use the sketch and runs in to the same issue I did.

I was using push buttons and the sketch above, when I pushed the button the relay turned on but as soon as I let go of the button the relay turned back off. I changed the sketch like this:

void loop()
{
  for (byte i = 0; i < noRelays; i++) {
    if (debouncer[i].update()) {
      
      int value = debouncer[i].read();
      
      if ( value == LOW) {
        Relays[i].relayState = !Relays[i].relayState;
        digitalWrite(Relays[i].relayPin, Relays[i].relayState ? RELAY_ON : RELAY_OFF);
        send(msg[i].set(Relays[i].relayState ? true : false));
        // save sensor state in EEPROM (location == sensor number)
        saveState( i, Relays[i].relayState );
      }
    }
  }
  //wait(20);
}

Now the relay changes state as soon as I push the button and keeps the state until I push the button again.

Because my inputs for the push buttons are ground when pushed I used

if ( value == LOW) 

This way the relay would turn on immediately when I push the button and not wait until I let go of the button.

[Стоян Георгиев]

@korttoma I used this sketch but my vera founds only 1 device and i have no idea why.

[korttoma]

@Стоян-Георгиев please post the complete sketch along with info about MySensors library version you are using.