This is really not a MySensors topic!
Just by the way present you request indicates that you are way over your head. I have a degree in electrical engineering, the study of electrical energy generation, transmission, distribution, etc. and substation design would take me years of study to be competent.
Any discussion about electrical energy delivery start with safety. Fuses and breakers, basically, but these have to be able to break 1000's of amps ... not a trivial task. The trick is to bring down the circuit without damaging other equipment on the circuit. Just detecting a fault is a doctoral candidate dissertation.
Basic components: transformers, breakers, switches and a lot of instrumentation.
Voltage levels are pretty much already defined because the equipment available is already set for those levels. Transformer basic rating is KVA, input and output voltage. There's a lot more to it ... a lot more.
As far as books for beginners ... I can't imagine that there are any. There are probably books for people who have been in the industry for more than a few years.