Raspberry Gateway 2.1.1 + signing

[t3chie]

@Anticimex Sure, can do.
Would you refresh my memory - how can I check out the tree with that pullrequest?

[Anticimex]

@t3chie thanks!
git checkout -b fallberg-signing development
git pull https://github.com/fallberg/MySensors.git signing

[t3chie]

@Anticimex I did:
git clone https://github.com/mysensors/MySensors.git --branch development
cd MySensors
git pull https://github.com/fallberg/MySensors.git signing

Then compile with:
./configure --my-gateway=ethernet
--my-transport=nrf24
--my-rf24-ce-pin=22
--my-rf24-cs-pin=24
--my-rf24-irq-pin=15
--my-rf24-pa-level=RF24_PA_LOW
--my-leds-err-pin=12
--my-leds-rx-pin=16
--my-leds-tx-pin=18
--my-rf24-channel=76
--my-debug=enable
--my-signing=software
--my-signing-request-signatures
--my-signing-request-gw-signatures-from-all
--my-signing-debug

Result with one node restarting while others are already running:

mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,100-100-255,s=255,c=3,t=7,pt=0,l=0,sg=0:
mysgw: TSF:MSG:BC
mysgw: TSF:MSG:FPAR REQ,ID=100
mysgw: TSF:PNG:SEND,TO=0
mysgw: TSF:CKU:OK
mysgw: TSF:MSG:GWL OK
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=8
mysgw: TSF:MSG:SEND,0-0-100-100,s=255,c=3,t=8,pt=1,l=1,sg=1,ft=0,st=OK:0
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,100-100-0,s=255,c=3,t=24,pt=1,l=1,sg=0:1
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=24
mysgw: TSF:MSG:PINGED,ID=100,HP=1
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=25
mysgw: TSF:MSG:SEND,0-0-100-100,s=255,c=3,t=25,pt=1,l=1,sg=1,ft=0,st=OK:1
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,100-100-0,s=255,c=3,t=15,pt=6,l=2,sg=0:0101
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=15
mysgw: SGN:PRE:SGN REQ,FROM=100
mysgw: !SGN:PRE:WHI NREQ,FROM=100 REJ
mysgw: SGN:PRE:SGN REQ,TO=100
mysgw: SGN:PRE:WHI NREQ,TO=100
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=15
mysgw: TSF:MSG:SEND,0-0-100-100,s=255,c=3,t=15,pt=6,l=2,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:0101
mysgw: SGN:PRE:XMT,TO=100
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,100-100-0,s=255,c=3,t=16,pt=0,l=0,sg=0:
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=16
mysgw: !SGN:NCE:GEN
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,100-100-0,s=255,c=3,t=16,pt=0,l=0,sg=0:
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=16
mysgw: !SGN:NCE:GEN
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,100-100-0,s=255,c=3,t=16,pt=0,l=0,sg=0:
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=16
mysgw: !SGN:NCE:GEN
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,100-100-0,s=255,c=3,t=16,pt=0,l=0,sg=0:
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=16
mysgw: !SGN:NCE:GEN
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,100-100-0,s=1,c=3,t=16,pt=0,l=0,sg=0:
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=16
mysgw: !SGN:NCE:GEN
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,100-100-0,s=255,c=3,t=26,pt=1,l=1,sg=0:2
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=26
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=16
mysgw: TSF:MSG:SEND,0-0-100-100,s=255,c=3,t=16,pt=0,l=0,sg=1,ft=0,st=OK:
mysgw: SGN:SGN:NCE REQ,TO=100
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,100-100-0,s=255,c=3,t=17,pt=6,l=25,sg=1:<NONCE>
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=17
mysgw: SGN:NCE:FROM=100
mysgw: SGN:BND:NONCE=4BD28D2B47813291B354D4A856B07E7A6B496CF86FA2FF969D7C2D115FAC09DF
mysgw: SGN:BND:HMAC=07FF305FFEB4D1489C3C9BA63A281890DDD850573B406FB691C09C23DC12DD00
mysgw: SGN:BND:SIG WHI,ID=0
mysgw: SGN:BND:SIG WHI,SERIAL=000000000000000000
mysgw: SGN:SGN:SGN
mysgw: TSF:MSG:SEND,0-0-100-100,s=255,c=3,t=27,pt=1,l=1,sg=1,ft=0,st=OK:1

Looks OK for me, right?

[Anticimex]

@t3chie I think so. There are a few errors in the log though but I am not sure if that is due to other nodes on your network not being configured properly.

[Anticimex]

@t3chie it also looks like your gw is not always succeeding in generating nonces.

[Anticimex]

@t3chie could you please include the startup messages from the gateway? Looks like it still does not initialize properly. It should not have a problem generating nonces if it thinks personalization is OK.

[t3chie]

@Anticimex

mysgw: Starting gateway...
mysgw: Protocol version - 2.2.0-beta
mysgw: MCO:BGN:INIT GW,CP=RNNG-SQ-,VER=2.2.0-beta
mysgw: SGN:PER:OK
mysgw: SGN:PER:OK
mysgw: TSF:LRT:OK
mysgw: TSM:INIT
mysgw: TSF:WUR:MS=0
mysgw: TSM:INIT:TSP OK
mysgw: TSM:INIT:GW MODE
mysgw: TSM:READY:ID=0,PAR=0,DIS=0
mysgw: MCO:REG:NOT NEEDED
mysgw: Listening for connections on 0.0.0.0:5003
mysgw: MCO:BGN:STP
mysgw: MCO:BGN:INIT OK,TSP=1
mysgw: New connection from 127.0.0.1
mysgw: Client 0 connected
mysgw: Client 0: 255;255;3;0;20;
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=20
mysgw: TSF:MSG:SEND,0-0-255-255,s=255,c=3,t=20,pt=0,l=0,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:
mysgw: Client 0: 0;255;3;0;2;
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,198-198-0,s=255,c=3,t=21,pt=1,l=1,sg=0:0
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=21
mysgw: Client 0: 0;255;3;0;2;
mysgw: Client 0: 0;255;3;0;2;
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,100-100-255,s=255,c=3,t=7,pt=0,l=0,sg=0:
mysgw: TSF:MSG:BC
mysgw: TSF:MSG:FPAR REQ,ID=100
mysgw: TSF:PNG:SEND,TO=0
mysgw: TSF:CKU:OK
mysgw: TSF:MSG:GWL OK
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=8
mysgw: TSF:MSG:SEND,0-0-100-100,s=255,c=3,t=8,pt=1,l=1,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:0
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,100-100-0,s=255,c=3,t=24,pt=1,l=1,sg=0:1
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=24
mysgw: TSF:MSG:PINGED,ID=100,HP=1
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=25
mysgw: TSF:MSG:SEND,0-0-100-100,s=255,c=3,t=25,pt=1,l=1,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:1
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,100-100-0,s=255,c=3,t=15,pt=6,l=2,sg=0:0101
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=15
mysgw: SGN:PRE:SGN REQ,FROM=100
mysgw: !SGN:PRE:WHI NREQ,FROM=100 REJ
mysgw: SGN:PRE:SGN REQ,TO=100
mysgw: SGN:PRE:WHI NREQ,TO=100
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=15
mysgw: TSF:MSG:SEND,0-0-100-100,s=255,c=3,t=15,pt=6,l=2,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:0101
mysgw: SGN:PRE:XMT,TO=100
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,100-100-0,s=255,c=3,t=16,pt=0,l=0,sg=0:
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=16
mysgw: !SGN:NCE:GEN
mysgw: Client 0: 0;255;3;0;2;

PS:
I am on Skype with the same Nick if you want more synchronous communication.

[Anticimex]

@t3chie hm, odd. And you get the validation message twice. I must have messed something up. I'll have a closer look tonight and get back to you. Thanks for helping out!

[Anticimex]

@t3chie I believe I found the issue on my pr. Sloppy coding is all I can say... I will notify you once I have resolved it. In the meantime you can delete your copy of my branch (I tend to force push to my pull requests).

git checkout development
git branch -D fallberg-signing

[Anticimex]

@t3chie I've pushed updates now. It should resolve the problems. I accidentally excluded the part where the backends are initialized, and there are safeguards against that so it refused to calculate nonces for signing. You should now get a "SGN:INI:BND OK" after "SGN:PER:OK"

[t3chie]

@Anticimex I have checked out the signing branch and recompiled:

root@automation:/usr/local/src/MySensors# ./bin/mysgw -d
mysgw: Starting gateway...
mysgw: Protocol version - 2.2.0-beta
mysgw: MCO:BGN:INIT GW,CP=RNNG-SQ-,VER=2.2.0-beta
mysgw: SGN:PER:OK
mysgw: SGN:INI:BND OK
mysgw: TSF:LRT:OK
mysgw: TSM:INIT
mysgw: TSF:WUR:MS=0
mysgw: TSM:INIT:TSP OK
mysgw: TSM:INIT:GW MODE
mysgw: TSM:READY:ID=0,PAR=0,DIS=0
mysgw: MCO:REG:NOT NEEDED
mysgw: Listening for connections on 0.0.0.0:5003
mysgw: MCO:BGN:STP
mysgw: MCO:BGN:INIT OK,TSP=1
mysgw: New connection from 127.0.0.1
mysgw: Client 0 connected
mysgw: Client 0 disconnected
mysgw: Ethernet client disconnected.
mysgw: New connection from 127.0.0.1
mysgw: Client 0 connected
mysgw: Client 0: 0;255;3;0;2;
mysgw: Client 0: 255;255;3;0;20;
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=20
mysgw: TSF:MSG:SEND,0-0-255-255,s=255,c=3,t=20,pt=0,l=0,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:
mysgw: Client 0: 0;255;3;0;2;
mysgw: Client 0: 0;255;3;0;2;
mysgw: Client 0: 0;255;3;0;2;
mysgw: Client 0: 0;255;3;0;2;
mysgw: Client 0: 0;255;3;0;2;
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,101-101-255,s=255,c=3,t=7,pt=0,l=0,sg=0:
mysgw: TSF:MSG:BC
mysgw: TSF:MSG:FPAR REQ,ID=101
mysgw: TSF:PNG:SEND,TO=0
mysgw: TSF:CKU:OK
mysgw: TSF:MSG:GWL OK
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=8
mysgw: TSF:MSG:SEND,0-0-101-101,s=255,c=3,t=8,pt=1,l=1,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:0
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,101-101-0,s=255,c=3,t=24,pt=1,l=1,sg=0:1
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=24
mysgw: TSF:MSG:PINGED,ID=101,HP=1
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=25
mysgw: TSF:MSG:SEND,0-0-101-101,s=255,c=3,t=25,pt=1,l=1,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:1
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,101-101-0,s=255,c=3,t=15,pt=6,l=2,sg=0:0101
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=15
mysgw: SGN:PRE:SGN REQ,FROM=101
mysgw: SGN:PRE:SGN REQ,TO=101
mysgw: SGN:PRE:WHI NREQ,TO=101
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=15
mysgw: TSF:MSG:SEND,0-0-101-101,s=255,c=3,t=15,pt=6,l=2,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:0101
mysgw: SGN:PRE:XMT,TO=101
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,101-101-0,s=255,c=3,t=16,pt=0,l=0,sg=0:
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=16
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=17
mysgw: TSF:MSG:SEND,0-0-101-101,s=255,c=3,t=17,pt=6,l=25,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:<NONCE>
mysgw: SGN:NCE:XMT,TO=0
mysgw: Client 0: 0;255;3;0;2;
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,101-101-0,s=255,c=0,t=17,pt=0,l=5,sg=1:2.1.1
mysgw: SGN:BND:NONCE=BE1E788A73D8B77B73E8222D5A3631E99FC1157CC969C6A324AAAAAAAAAAAAAA
mysgw: SGN:BND:HMAC=A50A32E714615D7559D01B4A71B86D59160FAD437C1A0A57C1D6A51BC4410E66
mysgw: SGN:VER:OK
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,101-101-0,s=255,c=3,t=16,pt=0,l=0,sg=1:
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=16
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=17
mysgw: TSF:MSG:SEND,0-0-101-101,s=255,c=3,t=17,pt=6,l=25,sg=1,ft=0,st=OK:<NONCE>
mysgw: SGN:NCE:XMT,TO=0
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,101-101-0,s=255,c=3,t=6,pt=1,l=1,sg=1:0
mysgw: SGN:BND:NONCE=83B9D811BA4341EEDD7D28B1D0ED0841305E58110879203AE2AAAAAAAAAAAAAA
mysgw: SGN:BND:HMAC=D48A08AA586888933B2EA56857AE12BB353875C726FC8923CFDBE38C888F5EBB
mysgw: SGN:VER:OK
mysgw: Client 0: 101;255;3;0;6;M
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=16
mysgw: TSF:MSG:SEND,0-0-101-101,s=255,c=3,t=16,pt=0,l=0,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:
mysgw: SGN:SGN:NCE REQ,TO=101
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,101-101-0,s=255,c=3,t=17,pt=6,l=25,sg=0:<NONCE>
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=17
mysgw: SGN:NCE:FROM=101
mysgw: SGN:BND:NONCE=41DDA29AC9224192AD697FA3D433003E60DC319EA8A6014B60AAAAAAAAAAAAAA
mysgw: SGN:BND:HMAC=86EAC3CDC63F39CF0F333082CF68A66555468D14BBD4AC3E546F8EE773C580C6
mysgw: SGN:SGN:SGN
mysgw: TSF:MSG:SEND,0-0-101-101,s=255,c=3,t=6,pt=0,l=1,sg=1,ft=0,st=OK:M
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,101-101-0,s=255,c=3,t=16,pt=0,l=0,sg=1:
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=16
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=17
mysgw: TSF:MSG:SEND,0-0-101-101,s=255,c=3,t=17,pt=6,l=25,sg=1,ft=0,st=OK:<NONCE>
mysgw: SGN:NCE:XMT,TO=0
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,101-101-0,s=255,c=3,t=11,pt=0,l=14,sg=1:Nano Motion FW
mysgw: SGN:BND:NONCE=D3676555B4228F26DC34A6B43947B41439156EA5112DC17370AAAAAAAAAAAAAA
mysgw: SGN:BND:HMAC=EBF256F5C55B9FE8FB5FE9A7FBB22C569D782DB73998661FD66D639049D1E624
mysgw: SGN:VER:OK
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,101-101-0,s=255,c=3,t=16,pt=0,l=0,sg=1:
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=16
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=17
mysgw: TSF:MSG:SEND,0-0-101-101,s=255,c=3,t=17,pt=6,l=25,sg=1,ft=0,st=OK:<NONCE>
mysgw: SGN:NCE:XMT,TO=0
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,101-101-0,s=255,c=3,t=12,pt=0,l=3,sg=1:1.1
mysgw: SGN:BND:NONCE=08F1450783D33257E28EC8B01E0ECE93A41D2826F3972F99EBAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
mysgw: SGN:BND:HMAC=33B02115FA75F8E708B50E825853E80D3A70D5F804FB7E27242B357CF043F8D1
mysgw: SGN:VER:OK
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,101-101-0,s=1,c=3,t=16,pt=0,l=0,sg=1:
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=16
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=17
mysgw: TSF:MSG:SEND,0-0-101-101,s=255,c=3,t=17,pt=6,l=25,sg=1,ft=0,st=OK:<NONCE>
mysgw: SGN:NCE:XMT,TO=0
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,101-101-0,s=1,c=0,t=6,pt=0,l=0,sg=1:
mysgw: SGN:BND:NONCE=BAD7253134C6C7F0C0B79FFBF41914B2E0AB59DFDAB7874678AAAAAAAAAAAAAA
mysgw: SGN:BND:HMAC=5BF1F9D417EB97A3C5E7880F18A839EAA464D21FE6A2F7B2D32A3C3431A7A00B
mysgw: SGN:VER:OK
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,101-101-0,s=2,c=3,t=16,pt=0,l=0,sg=1:
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=16
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=17
mysgw: TSF:MSG:SEND,0-0-101-101,s=255,c=3,t=17,pt=6,l=25,sg=1,ft=0,st=OK:<NONCE>
mysgw: SGN:NCE:XMT,TO=0
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,101-101-0,s=2,c=0,t=7,pt=0,l=0,sg=1:
mysgw: SGN:BND:NONCE=70410E6BD4E2E3298F348801747889920E2F5779BC0474A7D2AAAAAAAAAAAAAA
mysgw: SGN:BND:HMAC=8632A9E570D1EEEBF766CC7E25C82CD06EB58F21FC0ED3CECF8FCD8B84473379
mysgw: SGN:VER:OK
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,101-101-0,s=4,c=3,t=16,pt=0,l=0,sg=1:
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=16
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=17
mysgw: TSF:MSG:SEND,0-0-101-101,s=255,c=3,t=17,pt=6,l=25,sg=1,ft=0,st=OK:<NONCE>
mysgw: SGN:NCE:XMT,TO=0
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,101-101-0,s=4,c=0,t=1,pt=0,l=0,sg=1:
mysgw: SGN:BND:NONCE=54C9C968967021485E45AA2047EA666C63062BFCFFDBC19423AAAAAAAAAAAAAA
mysgw: SGN:BND:HMAC=1397236B072105342EA4CBBBD555B356C2022B8EB64ABBFA637781F6720483A1
mysgw: SGN:VER:OK
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,101-101-0,s=255,c=3,t=26,pt=1,l=1,sg=1:2
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=26
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=16
mysgw: TSF:MSG:SEND,0-0-101-101,s=255,c=3,t=16,pt=0,l=0,sg=1,ft=0,st=OK:
mysgw: SGN:SGN:NCE REQ,TO=101
mysgw: TSF:MSG:READ,101-101-0,s=255,c=3,t=17,pt=6,l=25,sg=1:<NONCE>
mysgw: SGN:SKP:MSG CMD=3,TYPE=17
mysgw: SGN:NCE:FROM=101
mysgw: SGN:BND:NONCE=D1294AF646074EC7CCD7CD6B02BC4619EF79B0A915648A6A07AAAAAAAAAAAAAA
mysgw: SGN:BND:HMAC=127FCE6A3EF3FB0906A20BF3128A318801C5167F215ABAF4EEC0A595AFD373FB
mysgw: SGN:SGN:SGN
mysgw: TSF:MSG:SEND,0-0-101-101,s=255,c=3,t=27,pt=1,l=1,sg=1,ft=0,st=OK:1
mysgw: Client 0: 0;255;3;0;2;
mysgw: Client 0: 0;255;3;0;2;
mysgw: Client 0: 0;255;3;0;2;
mysgw: Client 0: 0;255;3;0;2;
mysgw: Client 0: 0;255;3;0;2;
mysgw: Client 0: 0;255;3;0;2;

[Anticimex]

@t3chie looks good to me. I cannot see any errors at least :)

[t3chie]

@Anticimex Thanks for your help!

[MasMat]

Hi guys,
I read this thread because it was the only the search found ("raspberry signing").
I'm building a gw (the plan is raspberry 3, rf24). Since it's in a populated area, I want signing (my other project is remote, so no real worries there).
I'm trying to figure out the configuration part for the Raspberry and some of the options:
-software signing AND rf24 encryption. Two different things, right? I thought I would just use signing if that's adequate.
-does master branch work or must I use dev? What's the difference in everyday use?
-I think pin 7 is usefully located (pro mini) and A5 and A6 less convinient, can I use those for the signing?

Also, is there a guide or a thread for a noob regarding setting this up? If not, should we start a new thread?

Thanks guys. I like the info here.

[Anticimex]

@MasMat hi, well, ./configure --help should give you a list of configuration options.
To my knowledge signing on rPi uses no pins as it is software based and uses the Linux random number generator. So Arduino specific pins make no sense on a rPi.
For Arduino configurations and signing and encryption in general, there is a signing thread on this forum and the first post of that thread links to doxygen documentation that describe the exact details for both the official MySensors version and the beta version.
See https://forum.mysensors.org/topic/1021/security-introducing-signing-support-to-mysensors

[MasMat]

@Anticimex Whew! Not a light read that thread. Esp for someone noobish like me. Also it has a lot to do with ATSHA and I was thinking I'd do just software signing.

The pin idea was for the config - to be used for other nodes. Not gw.

The quick questions: do I have to use dev branch?
This way I'll be able to get going and see what roadblocks I hit.

[Anticimex]

@MasMat a generic pin config for the nodes depend on whether you use identical nodes, as the pin assignment is hw specific.

Regarding signing on rPi, try searching the forum. It has been discussed before, and I don't use rPi myself so I don't remember the exact flags, nor do I remember if the full support for signing on rPi made it into the latest release.
I know a new release is about to come though.

[MasMat]

Thanks. I'll keep looking then.
Most likely my nodes will be almost alike, so that's why I'd rather choose a pin that I hardly ever would use (as opposed to default pin 7).