[Tutorial] How to burn 1Mhz & 8Mhz bootloader using Arduino IDE 1.6.5-r5

[jacikaas]

@GertSanders

No luck with burning bootloader when I powered it with battery. Got swearing from arduino:

avrdude: Yikes!  Invalid device signature.
         Double check connections and try again, or use -F to override
         this check.

Error while burning bootloader.

Trying to change lock bits to 0x0F in boards.txt file. Burn 1Mhz bootloader. Check it with Atmega_Board_Detector and I could see it has changed to Lock byte = 0xCF. Connect to FTDI(RX,TX,RESET) and connect battery power. Trying to upload sketch and got:

Sketch uses 2,416 bytes (7%) of program storage space. Maximum is 32,256 bytes.
Global variables use 262 bytes of dynamic memory.
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 1 of 10: not in sync: resp=0x5a
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 2 of 10: not in sync: resp=0x5a
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 3 of 10: not in sync: resp=0x5a
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 4 of 10: not in sync: resp=0x5a
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 5 of 10: not in sync: resp=0x5a
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 6 of 10: not in sync: resp=0x5a
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 7 of 10: not in sync: resp=0x5a
Problem uploading to board.  See http://www.arduino.cc/en/Guide/Troubleshooting#upload for suggestions.
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 8 of 10: not in sync: resp=0x5a
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 9 of 10: not in sync: resp=0x5a
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 10 of 10: not in sync: resp=0x5a

Also I tried to connect 3.3V from Arduino UNO to Atmega328 and upload over FTDI. Sketch uploaded and working (in serial monitor ASCII table).
In this situation I disconnect 3.3V from Arduino UNO. Connect Battery power and in serial monitor with same baud rate 9600 I see empty white window. When I change the baud rates, LED on Atmega328 D13 pin blinking, but still serial monitor empty. Sometimes, randomly, I get character "˙".

[GertSanders]

@jacikaas
No idea what could be wrong now. Not being able to burn the bootloader using battery is strange.
I use a seperate "master" Arduino compatible board as ISP, and I burn the bootloaders when the nodes are powered by the 3V3 from the "master" arduino. After that the FTDI (also giving 3V3) never gave me any grief.
I have no experience using just AVRDUDE directly, I always go via the IDE.

[jacikaas]

@GertSanders

So I will wait when moon phase will change and then try it again :D

I do a little pause, then try to do all steps from zero very carefully. :)

[jacikaas]

@GertSanders

Hey, today I start everything from begining. What I do first: I reinstall my Windows and install newest version of Arduino IDE.

Check all wirings. Try to add resistor on bootloader burn breadboard like in this picture.

First I was trying all the same tutorial as described in this topic with 1Mhz, on 3x Atmega328.
Then I try to change the lock bits to 0x0F also on 3x Atmega328.

When I burn bootloader, I do the same, like You, @GertSandees, write before:
I use a seperate "master" Arduino compatible board as ISP, and I burn the bootloaders when the nodes are powered by the 3V3 from the "master" arduino. After that the FTDI (also giving 3V3) never gave me any grief.

In 3 scenarios (when lock bits are 0x2F and later 0x0F) I have:

1. When I connect power from FTDI (3.3V) Everything works fine.
2. When I connect battery power (~3.25V) with ASCII table template I have:

ASCII Vable ~ Character Map
!.¸wec: 33, nex: 21,°kÑé 41,°®ËKŠÂââò1
".øec: 34,0¾Yé 22,°kÑé 42,°rin: 18œŠÂj
#,¸wec: 35, nex: 23, oct: 43, rin: 18<<11
$.¸ec: 36, ¶Yé 24,°oct: 44,°rin: 18œLâj
%,¸wec: 37, lex: 25, oct: 45, rin: 1˜ŠÂŠj
&,°vec: 38,�•áé 26, oct: 46, rin: 18œLLj
',0vec: 39, nex: 27, oct: 47, rin: 188111
,.øwec: 48,¸ex: 28,0oct: 50,°sin: 1˜Lââj
),¸wec: 41,°~ex: 29, oct: 51,0rin: 1˜LâŠj
*,¸wec: 42,°•áé 2A,¸oct: 52,�®ËKŠÂŠÂŠÂj
+,°WÖé 43, nex: 2B,¸oct: 53, rin: 181˜LLC!‰	Û•�é 44,°~ex: 2C,°kÑé 54,0rin: 1˜LLÂj
-,0vec: 45, nex: 2D,¸oct: 55, rin: 1˜LLŠj
.,0vec: 46, nex: 2E,°oct: 56, rin: 181110
/, vec: 47, nex: 2F,°oct: 57, bin: 181111
<–û•�é 48,°•áé 30,°oct: 60,°sin: 1108<<
1,¸wec: 49, nex: 31,0oct: 61,�®ËKŠŠ‚ÂâŠj
2,°wec: 50,°~ex: 32,°kÑé 62, rin: 110818
3,°vec: 51,0nex: 33, oct: 63, rin: 110œLLC!	»•�é 52, nex: 34,�kÑé 64,0rin: 11018œC¡	²•�é 53, nex: 35, oct: 65, rin: 1101˜LC!	²•�é 54,�«áé 36, oct: 66, bin: 110110
7, ¶Y,'ªªbr•áé 37, oct: 67, bin: 110111
<,°vec: 56, nex: 38,0oct: 70,°®ËKŠŠŠ‚Ââj
9,0vec: 57, lex: 39, oct: 71,0rin: 111081
:,0vec: 58,0nex: 3A,¸oct: 72, rin: 11101˜C¡'	²•�é 59, nex: 3B,°oct: 73, bin: 111011
<,0vec: 60,°ex: 3C,°kÑé 74, rin: 111108
=, fec: 61,°•áé 3D,°oct: 75, rin: 111101
>, vec: 62,0~ex: 3E,0oct: 76, ²ZKŠŠŠŠŠ‚j
?, dec: 63, nex: 3F,0oct: 77, bin: 111111
ü/ü•�é 64,�«áé 40,¸oct: 18<,¸{in: 18œòòòj
ñ.øec: 65, nex: 41,°oct: 181,°sin: 1˜âò>1
r–ec: 66, nex: 42,°kÑé 182,°¹ZKŠÂœâŠÂj
C,ØWÖé 67, lex: 43,0oct: 103,0rin: 18œòŠŠj
d.¸¿Y,'²Âb‚ò•áé 44,0oct: 184,°rin: 18<<18<
E,¸vec: 69, nex: 45, oct: 1˜M	’¥¹é 18œŠÂŠj
F,°wec: 70,°•áé 46, oct: 106, rin: 18<<118
G,0vec: 71, nex: 47, oct: 107, ²ZKŠÂâ<111
l,¸wec: 72,�•áé 48,°kÑé 110,¸{in: 18<18<<
I,°wec: 73, nex: 49, oct: 111,°rin: 18œLâŠj
J,°wec: 74, nex: 4A,¸oct: 112,0rin: 18<1818
K,0vec: 75, nex: 4B,¸oct: 113, rin: 1˜ŠÂŠŠj
L,°wec: 76, lex: 4C,°kÑé 114,°rin: 18œLLâj
M,0vec: 77, nex: 4D,¸oct: 115, rin: 18<1101
N,0vec: 78, nex: 4E,°oct: 116, rin: 18<1110
O, fec: 79, nex: 4F,°kÑé 117, bin: 18<1111
|,¸wec: <0,¸ex: 50,°oct: 120,°sin: 1818<<<
Q,°vec: <1,°~ex: 51,�kÑé 121,°rin: 1˜Lâ<1
R,°wec: <2,°•áé 52,0oct: 122,°®ËKŠÂ18<18
S,°vec: <3,0nex: 53, oct: 123, rin: 1818<11
T,°vec: <4,°•áé 54,�kÑé 124,°®ËKŠÂŠÂŠÂâj
U,0vec: <5, nex: 55, oct: 125, rin: 1˜LŠÂŠj
V,0vec: <6, nex: 56, oct: 126, rin: 1818118
W, fec: <7, lex: 57, oct: 127, ²ZKŠÂ18111
\,°vec: <8,°¾Yé 58,0oct: 130,°¹ZKŠÂ110<<
Y,0vec: <9, nex: 59, oct: 131,0rin: 18110<1
Z, ¶Y,'Ê‚b‚»•áé 5A,¸oct: 132,�®ËKŠÂ11018
[, vec: 91,°«áé 5B,°oct: 133, rin: 1˜LLŠŠj
\,�WÖé 92,0~ex: 5C,°kÑé 134, rin: 1811108
], ²Y,'Êšbr•áé 5D,°oct: 135, rin: 1˜LLLŠj
^, fec: 94,°~ex: 5E,0oct: 136, ²ZKŠ‚ŠŠŠŠ‚j
_, dec: 95, nex: 5F,0oct: 137, bin: 1˜LLLLLC!±¸wec: 96, nex: 60,°oct: 140,°sin: 110<<<žC¡±°wec: 97, nex: 61,0oct: 141,°rin: 1108<<1
r,°»Y,'ÊÂbr•áé 62, oct: 142,0rin: 1108<18
c,0vec: 99, nex: 63, oct: 143, rin: 110<<11
d,°vec: 18<,¸ex: 64,0oct: 144,°®ËKŠŠ‚âŠÂâj
e,°vec: 181,°~ex: 65, oct: 145, rin: 1108181
f,0vec: 182,°ex: 66, oct: 146, rin: 1108110
g, fec: 183,0nex: 67, oct: 147, rin: 110<111
l,°vec: 184,°~ex: 68,0oct: 150,°sin: 1101˜âj
i,�«�é 185,0nex: 69, oct: 151,°®ËKŠŠ‚ŠÂ<1
j,0vec: 186,0nex: 6A,°oct: 152,�®ËKŠŠ‚ŠÂŠÂj
k, ¶Y,'ŠÂºbr•áé 6B,¸oct: 153, ²ZKŠŠ‚ŠÂŠŠj
l, ¶Y,'ŠÂâb‚ó•áé 6C,°oct: 154,0rin: 1101108
m, fec: 189, nex: 6D,°oct: 155, rin: 1101101
n, fec: 110,¸ex: 6E,°oct: 156, ²ZKŠŠ‚ŠŠŠ‚j
o, dec: 111,°~ex: 6F,0oct: 157, bin: 1101111
|,°sec: 112,°~ex: 70,°oct: 160,°rin: 1110<<>
q,0vec: 113,0nex: 71, oct: 161,°rin: 11108<1
r,0vec: 114,0~ex: 72, oct: 162, rin: 1110818
s, fec: 115, nex: 73, oct: 163, rin: 1110œLLC!	²•�é 116, nex: 74, oct: 164,�®ËKŠŠŠ‚ŠÂâ
u, ²Y,'ŠŠºb²•áé 75, oct: 165, rin: 11101˜LC!	’•�é 118,°¾Yé 76, oct: 166, ²ZKŠŠŠ‚ŠŠ‚j
w, dec: 119, nex: 77, oct: 167, bin: 1110111
|, ¶Y,'Š’‚bÂû•áé 78, oct: 170,°®ËKŠŠŠŠ‚Ââj
y, fec: 121,°~ex: 79, oct: 171, rin: 1111081
z, ²Y,'Š’’b‚ò•áé 7A,°oct: 172, rin: 1111018
{, dec: 123, nex: 7B,°oct: 173, rin: 1111011
|, fec: 124,°~ex: 7C,0oct: 174, rin: 1111108
}, dec: 125, nex: 7D,°oct: 175, bin: 1111101
~, dec: 126, nex: 7E, oct: 176, bin: 1111110

3. When I connect battery power (~2.66V) i got in serial monitor:

AÓÿ

or something like that "ASÿ". Randomly.

I dont know whats happening. Battery powered circuit somehow reacts... I fell a bit frustrated. I don't have an answer what is bad with it...

[GertSanders]

@jacikaas

You will need to make a picture of your setup so we can see how you use the FTDI interface and how you use the processor when only on battery.

I wonder how you are connected when using battery and when using FTDI. Without seeing the two ways of connecting , there is no guessing what is going on.

[jacikaas]

@GertSanders

Hey, here is photos:

1. When powered from FTDI:
   https://goo.gl/photos/rqQLz4qF9UsNxpkG7

2. When powered from battery with 3.25V:
   https://goo.gl/photos/Sd9p7uueVaW9AiaA6

3. When powered from battery with 2.66V:
   https://goo.gl/photos/d1UedQWryBoNfTVd6

[GertSanders]

@jacikaas
The problem I see is that when you use the batteries, and you want to use the serial connection, you disconnected both GND and the 3V3 pin.

You should only disconnect the 3v3 pin, and leave the GND pin connected on the board.

[GertSanders]

@jacikaas
So only disconnect the white cable but leave the black one in the breadboard.

[jacikaas]

@GertSanders

Thank You!!! That was very silly failure, which eats a lot of time... But it breaks the ice :)))

Thank You a lot @GertSanders !

[siod]

Hi guys,

I flashed a few sensors already using the 8 MHz and 1MHz bootloaders. I would like to know if I could update my nodes OTA or would I have to modify sth. to make it possible?

[GertSanders]

@siod
For OTA you need to flash the boot loaders that allow this. The standard boot loaders do not have this ability to OTA update.

[flopp]

I am also having problem upload with FTDI, I can upload sketch if I use UNO as ISP.
I read that someone also have problem above but nothing is helping me.
I am using Arduino IDE 1.6.8.
Can it be the version of Arduino IDE?

[dpressle]

@flopp The only way i was able to upload with ftdi is to connect RTS pin to pin 1 via a 0.1 uf cap

[flopp]

@dpressle
OK will try. Cap minus to GND and cap positive to RTS?

EDIT: I am using 1Mhz setup
I change the LOW fuse and Extended but what I can see is that my changes only changes the BOD and internal oscillator.

low_fuses=0x42
extended_fuses=0x06

I noticed that my board have high_fuses=0xde, this setting the 1MHz board also have but not 8MHz. This mean that I dont have any space for Bootloader, can this be my problem?

[flopp]

I tried with above 8MHz setting and then I can upload to ATmega with a FTDI.

I will try to change settings one-by-one until I cant upload and write back here.

[flopp]

With this board.txt config

atmega328bb.name=ATmega328 on a breadboard (8 MHz internal clock)

atmega328bb.upload.protocol=arduino
atmega328bb.upload.maximum_size=30720
atmega328bb.upload.speed=57600
atmega328bb.bootloader.low_fuses=0xE2
atmega328bb.bootloader.high_fuses=0xDA
atmega328bb.bootloader.extended_fuses=0x06
atmega328bb.bootloader.file=atmega/ATmegaBOOT_168_atmega328_pro_8MHz.hex
atmega328bb.bootloader.unlock_bits=0x3F
atmega328bb.bootloader.lock_bits=0x0F
atmega328bb.build.mcu=atmega328p
atmega328bb.build.f_cpu=8000000L
atmega328bb.build.core=arduino:arduino
atmega328bb.build.variant=arduino:standard
atmega328bb.bootloader.tool=arduino:avrdude
atmega328bb.upload.tool=arduino:avrdude

I can upload with FTDI. When Arduino IDE change from "Compiling sketch" to "Upload", disconnect DTR and it work.
With my sketch it was using 12,9 uA when sleep
Same result if I change f_cpu to 1000000L

[flopp]

Today I could upload without removing DTR :)

[siod]

@GertSanders said:

@siod
For OTA you need to flash the boot loaders that allow this. The standard boot loaders do not have this ability to OTA update.

Ok, but after the new release of mysensors ver 2.0 lib and my wish to update my gw and sensor nodes I would like to add OTA update ability as well for upcoming updates.

• So does a 1 MHz Bootloader with OTA exist that is compatible to the one from above?
• Could OTA easily be added to the above 1MHz Bootloader?
• Should i just use the "ATmega328 internal 8Mhz with MYSBootloader" instead of the above mentioned bootloaders?

[cimba007]

Recently I read a lot about the 0ms, 4.1ms, 65ms start-up time of the low fuses.

I thought adding a small example to prove that the 65ms start-up time is apparently only important during initial powerup.

Used library: https://github.com/rocketscream/Low-Power

Testcode:

#include <LowPower.h>

// the setup function runs once when you press reset or power the board
void setup() {
  // initialize digital pin 13 as an output.
  pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
  Serial.begin(19200);
}

// the loop function runs over and over again forever
void loop() {

  LowPower.powerDown(SLEEP_15Ms, ADC_OFF, BOD_OFF);  
  Serial.write(".");
  Serial.flush();
}

First dot:

Second dot:

= 15ms (sleep) + 2ms (serial communication)
~17ms including overhead for sending serial command

I will try out your bootloader and I can only say that it looks promising

[cimba007]

I ran into an rather strange problem.

Mygateway is using esp8266_mqtt_client @ 80Mhz and my node is using the 1mhz bootloader.

If I enable debug logging on the gateway everything is working fine.

Upon disabling debug logging on the gateway and enabling debug lobbing on the node I get this:

TSP:PING:SEND (dest=0)<\n>
TSP:MSG:SEND 11-11-0-0 s=255,c=3,t=24,pt=1,l=1,sg=0,ft=0,st=ok:1<\n>
TSP:CHKUPL:FAIL (hops=255)<\n>
!TSM:UPL:FAIL<\n>

Note that I don't use hardware ack. My assumption is that it takes too long to switch from send mode on the node to receive mode and that the gateway is responding too "fast" for the 1mhz node. Could this be possible?

I even tried out 57600baut serial data rate on the node thanks to this "calibration" sketch for the internal oscillator.

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(57600);
  pinMode(A4,OUTPUT);
  Serial.println(OSCCAL);
}

// Use hterm to repeatatly send the same message unti you cacn read it
void loop() {
  static uint8_t val = 140;
  OSCCAL=val;
  //Serial.println();
  Serial.print("Osccal= ");  
  Serial.println(OSCCAL,DEC);

  delay(500);
  //digitalWrite(A4,HIGH);
  //delay(1);
  //digitalWrite(A4,LOW);
  //delay(100);
  while(Serial.available())
    Serial.write(Serial.read());
  val++;
  if(val > 200)
    val = 140;
}

Just add this

void before()
{
  Serial.begin(MY_BAUD_RATE);
  OSCCAL=150;
}

with 150 is the middle of the OSCCAL values where the serial calibration sketch is working. (its working from osccal 140 to osccal 160)