💬 Various bootloader files based on Optiboot 6.2

[msebbe]

@GertSanders Okey, I almost got it! I am stuck on compiling the sketch. It says "pins_arduino.h" is missing. Apparently I need a folder called "28PinBoard" with a file "pins_arduino.h" in it. Wich one can I use for this project?

[GertSanders]

@msebbe

Drop this ZIP (unpack it there) into your "hardware" directory. You should find a "hardware" directory in the Sketches directory, then restart the Arduino IDE.

It should find a complete set of boot loaders for the 28 pin and 32 pin versions.

0_1463253058014_atmega328p.zip

You will need to check that the directory is unpacked with all subdirectories. The directory name will be "atmega328p".

[alexsh1]

@GertSanders My personal observations - some chips are more temperamental than the others. I recently tried to upload the sketch (8Mhz internal clock) and it failed a few times. Then I reflashed Optiboot and used the external clock (8Mhz external clock) and this cured the issue. With other chips I did not have this problem.

[GertSanders]

@alexsh1

Indeed, the internal oscillator on some atmega328's is a bit off from 8MHz and enough so that higher speed transmission of sketches can give a problem.

[gyro]

@GertSanders thanks for this bootloader pack. After one day of trying I was still unable to upload scetches to atmega burned with bootloader 8Mhz image to atmeg328 - 28 pin DIL from this: https://forum.mysensors.org/topic/3018/tutorial-how-to-burn-1mhz-8mhz-bootloader-using-arduino-ide-1-6-5-r5/1 tutorial.
With your 0_1463253058014_atmega328p.zip pack unzipped to "hardware" directory worked like a charm.

[DavidZH]

@GertSanders : Ive downloaded the files and boards.txt. I noticed you've made a distinction between the 28p DIP and the 32p TQFP. But in the boards.txt I can find no differences besides that the high fuse bits are global for the 28p version and individual (but all the same!) for the 32p version.
Does that have a reason?

[GertSanders]

@DavidZH
No particular reason, I did not spend as much effort in defining the options for the 32-pin package as I did for the 28-pin package.
When my free time becomes mine again, I will be able to take this up again. For now I have to be content with a relatively short online presence every week.

[DavidZH]

@GertSanders
No worries! It just caught my eye and was wondering. I'll keep an eye on this as I'm finalising my node network and have to choose a bootloader about now.

[petewill]

@GertSanders I am finally getting around to trying some of these bootloaders. Thanks for making them! Would you mind posting the latest .zip file to the openhardware site? I started with those files and was getting the same errors as others mentioned. As I got further down this thread I noticed I was missing some files.
Thanks again for making these!

[hek]

@petewill,

The site will still unpack zips and extract the content. I could disable this, but it would make it harder to upload large projects.

Like @GertSanders propose, allowing (and not uppacking) rar-files might be a better solution.

[hek]

Ok... rar and gz files is now allowed. They will be categorised as "design" files.

[GertSanders]

I have added my atmega328 directory in a RAR file and uploaded it to the site.

This compressed file contains a directory structure that contains all bootloaders I use, and the extra files needed to make most of those available from the Arduino IDE.

To use it:
Close the Arduino IDE
Unpack the RAR file
Open the IDE

This compressed file needs to be unpacked inside the "hardware" directory which sits inside the Arduino Sketches directory. If you do not have a "hardware" directory inside the Arduino Sketches directory, then you need to make this first.
Then go inside the "hardware" directory and there unpack the RAR file.

My directory structure looks like this:

[Arduino]
   [hardware]
      [atmega328p]
         [avr]
            [bootloaders]
               [myoptiboot]
                  ... all the HEX files ...
            [variants]
               [28PinBoard]
                  pins_arduino.h
               [32PinBoard]
                  pins_arduino.h
               [40PinBoard]
                  pins_arduino.h
               [44PinBoard]
                  pins_arduino.h
            boards.txt
            platform.txt

[Samuel235]

I'm finally managing to update my Arduino IDE and would like to ask how you have your boards.txt setup. Do you have your boards.txt file that is zipped up in your config zip file just located in the avr folder without running the default boards.txt file or are we supposed to merge your boards file with the original one? Back when i was developing my own boards, i seem to remember just running your board file without any of the default files....

Is this correct or do we merge them?

[petewill]

@GertSanders Awesome, thank you for uploading it as a .rar!!! So easy now

@Samuel235 You should be able to just copy the entire folder from the .rar file into your Arduino folder. I had to create a "Hardware" folder as it didn't exist. I'm on Windows 10 and it looks like this:

After closing/re-opening the Arduino IDE it looks like this:

[GertSanders]

The boards .txt and platform.txt files are not complete yet, and I still need to check and change the pins_arduino.h boards for the 40 and 44 pin atmega's. That is still on my to do list, but the structure is there already. I'm still learning from other hardware deployments how to define this in a practical way. Hopefully by sharing this will be improved.

[Samuel235]

@petewill - I do that, however i do already have the hardware folder (and its a clean install of windows and arduino IDE) and then inside the hardware folder i have the boards.txt file (the default one, the list that shows in the IDE without installing gertsanders'. So, i either need to put the new one in there and rename the old or to merge the two together.

Or am i getting this completely wrong some how?

EDIT: It was a mistake on my own part but will leave this comment here for anyone to see and to not make the same mistake as myself:

I was attempting to put it inside of the "arduino" folder that was inside of the hardware folder. My own fault XD

[Samuel235]

This post is deleted!

[Samuel235]

I'm slightly confused here...

I'm using a arduino nano, hooked it up to avrdude and read the fuses as Low:FF, High:DA, Extended:05. I then burn new fuses of Low:FF, High:DE and Extended:07. Burnt fine, so i go into arduino IDE and select the bootloader for 32pin, TQFP, 8MHz external crystal 38K4 D13 and then burn bootloader. I get a little warning but that is only because of the new IDE issues with extended bits ("You probably want to use 0xfd instead of 0x05 (double check with your datasheet first)."). But now the LED on the nano is blinking rapid then stop, then blinking rapid and then stop. I can't upload a sketch to the nano either now. I can however burn the old bootloader back on and upload like normal. What could be the issue here?

It almost seems like there is something wrong with the bootloader as it is uploading to it but the LED is blinking weirdly. May not be the bootloader itself, could just be some corruption as it gets uploaded....

[GertSanders]

@Samuel235
If you are using a nano, what crystal is mounted on it ? Fast flashing indicates the processor is running faster then the expected 8MHz (expected by the timing routines of the bootloader). Could it be a 16MHz model ?
In that case you could try to upload a sketch at a higher speed: 76K8 baud.
Or you can try to load the bootloader for 16MHz/D13 (which in effect is the standard bootloader of an Arduino).

[GertSanders]

@Samuel235
It also seems the nano is in a reset loop. I'm at work so I can not check my Mac for the fuse settings I use.

[Samuel235]

@GertSanders Soon as i say the fast flashing I instantly thought that its running quicker than needed, but i had no idea about the resetting that you have pointed out, so thanks for pointing that one out. The reason i didn't even bother trying the 16MHz settings in fuses would be that because when i read the fuses of the arduino before i did anything, it indicated that it was running with fuses of 8MHz and the blink sketch was perfectly timed on those settings.... Could it be a miss read on the fuse settings maybe? Should i read at a slower speed when using avrdude?

The crystal is so small on the nano and i can't even see the engraving with a microscope properly either.

I can confirm that the 16MHz bootloader is working perfectly on this nano. Thanks.

[DavidZH]

@GertSanders

I have been running your bootloader for all my nodes now and that works very well.
But there is something that surprised me. When I compile the next sketch and compare that with the Moteino bootloader it's substantially larger.

/***************************************************************************************
**
** Outdoor sensor v1.0 Measuring temperature, humdity, pressure and light level
**  Calculating a weather forecast with the height comensated air pressure.
**      powered by a solar panel and a 1000mAh Li-Ion battery.
**
** Scraped together by D Hille. MySensors library by Henrik Ekblad et al.
**
**      Heat index calculation from DHT library by Adafruit
**      MAX44009 bij Rob Tillaart
**      Weather forecast based on AN3914 by Freescale
**
****************************************************************************************/
//                    MySensors definitions

//#define MY_DEBUG                      // Enable debug prints (6 kb flash space)
//#define MY_DEBUG_VERBOSE_SIGNING      // Comment out when no signing is used or when everything is OK (3 kb flash space)

#define MY_BAUD_RATE 57600            // Set serial baudrate

#define MY_RADIO_RFM69                // Enable and select radio type attached
//#define MY_IS_RFM69HW                 // Comment out when using standard RFM69W

#define MY_NODE_ID 110                 // Delete to use automatic ID assignment

//#define MY_CORE_ONLY

/**************************************************************************/
//                        Transport
/**************************************************************************/

//#define MY_TRANSPORT_WAIT_READY_MS 1000 //Start the node even if no connection to the GW could be made (disable for sensor nodes).
#define MY_TRANSPORT_STATE_RETRIES 1
#define MY_TRANSPORT_MAX_TSM_FAILURES    (2u)
#define MY_TRANSPORT_TIMEOUT_EXT_FAILURE_STATE (60*1000ul)


/**************************************************************************/
//                        Security
/**************************************************************************/

//#define MY_SIGNING_ATSHA204
//#define MY_SIGNING_SOFT
//#define MY_SIGNING_SOFT_RANDOMSEED_PIN 7
//#define MY_SIGNING_REQUEST_SIGNATURES
//#define MY_SIGNING_NODE_WHITELISTING {{.nodeId = 0,.serial = {0xD0,0xB1,0x90,0x99,0xC3,0x03,0x08,0xD1,0x34}}}

//#define MY_RFM69_ENABLE_ENCRYPTION


/**************************************************************************/
//                    Sensor definitions
/**************************************************************************/

#define BATTERY_POWERED
#define battUpdater 300           //Number of TX actions to count before a new battery status update is sent.

#define MY_DEFAULT_TX_LED_PIN 5   // Comment out when no LED is attached.
#define MY_WITH_LEDS_BLINKING_INVERSE

#define SENSOR_TYPE 3
// Sensor types:
// 0.: no climate sensor attached
// 1.: RFM69 on-die               Temperature sensor on the RFM69 module (whole integers only)
// 2.: DS18B20                    Dallas one-wire sensor(data pin D14)
// 3.: HTU21D                     Temp/humidity (I2C)
// 4.: BME280                     Temp/humidity/pressure (I2C) (node will wake every minute to keep up with trend measureing)
#define SENSOR_UPDATE 2           // Time in minutes the sensor sends an update

//#define LIGHT_SENSOR_PRESENT      // Comment out when not present. (I2C) (Light sensor will update every 60 seconds.)

//#define INTERRUPT_SENSOR_PRESENT  // Comment out when not present (e. g. motion sensor connect to D3)

#define alti 57                  //altitude offset to compensate the barometric pressure


/**************************************************************************/
//                  Debug definitions
/**************************************************************************/

//#define LOCAL_DEBUG                              //Comment out to switch all debug messages off (saves 2 kb flash)

#ifdef MY_DEBUG                                  //Differentiate between global debug including radio and local debug 
  #define LOCAL_DEBUG                            //for the sketch alone.
#endif 

#ifdef LOCAL_DEBUG 
  #define Sprint(a) (Serial.print(a))            // Macro as substitute for serial debug. Will be an empty macro when
  #define Sprintln(a) (Serial.println(a))        // debug is switched off
#else
  #define Sprint(a)                                       
  #define Sprintln(a)
#endif


/**************************************************************************/

#include <Button.h>
#include <SPI.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <MySensors.h>
//#include <SparkFunBME280.h>
//#include <MAX44009.h>                           // Uncomment library used in sketch
#include <Adafruit_HTU21DF.h>
//#include <OneWire.h>
//#include <DallasTemperature.h>
#include <Vcc.h>


#define BMEaddr 0x76
#define Max44099Addr 0x4A
#define sketchName "sensorNode(living)"
#define sketchVer "1.0" 

#define sensorPowerPin 20

#define digitalSensorPin 14
#define analogSensorPin A0
#define oneWireBusPin 14
#define interruptPin 3
#define altSensorPin 18
#define altAnalogPin A4
#define sensorPowerPin 6

#define chanTemp 0
#define chanHum 1
#define chanHeat 2 
#define chanBaro 3
#define chanDelta 4
#define chanLight 5
#define chanRate 6
#define chanInterrupt 8

#define PULLUP false
#define INVERT false
#define bounceTime 20
#define sleepWait 500           //Time to wait in ms before node sleeps (to be able to receive notification messages).

bool battPower = true;

unsigned long currTime = 0;
unsigned long sleepTime = (60000 * SENSOR_UPDATE);
unsigned long lastSensorUpdate;
unsigned long nextSensor;
unsigned long measureTime;
int wakeReason = -1;
int sendLoop = 0;
bool updated = false;
bool ACKed = false;

int sensorFunc = 0;
float sensorData = 0.0;
float heatTemp = 0.0;
float heatHum = 0.0;
bool interruptState = false;
bool lastInterrupt = false;
bool sensorPresent = false;
bool lightPresent = false;
bool interruptPresent = false;

int minuteCount = 0;
bool firstRound = true;         
float pressureAvg;               // average value is used in forecast algorithm. 
float pressureAvg2;              // average after 2 hours is used as reference value for the next iteration.
float dP_dt;
const int LAST_SAMPLES_COUNT = 5;
float lastPressureSamples[LAST_SAMPLES_COUNT];

bool startUp = true;
bool metric = true; 

int battStatCounter = 0;
const float VccMin = 1.8;                   // Minimum expected Vcc level, in Volts.
const float VccMax = 3.0;                   // Maximum expected Vcc level, in Volts.
const float VccCorrection = 1.0/1.0;      // Measured Vcc by multimeter divided by reported Vcc


/**************************************************************************/
//                  Library declarations
/**************************************************************************/

//  Uncomment necessary declarations.

//RFM69 wireless;

//OneWire OWB(oneWireBusPin);
//DallasTemperature DS18(&OWB);
//DeviceAddress DS18address;

Adafruit_HTU21DF HTU = Adafruit_HTU21DF();

//BME280 BME;

//Max44009 lightMax(Max44099Addr);

//Button reedContact(interruptPin, PULLUP, INVERT, bounceTime);

MyMessage msgHum(chanHum, V_HUM);
MyMessage msgTemp(chanTemp, V_TEMP);
//MyMessage msgBaro(chanBaro, V_PRESSURE);
//MyMessage msgTrend(chanUniversal, V_VAR5);
//MyMessage msgLight(chanLight, V_LEVEL);
//MyMessage msgIntr(chanInterrupt, V_TRIPPED);

Vcc vcc(VccCorrection);

/**************************************************************************/
//                  Error messages
/**************************************************************************/

  #if (defined INTERRUPT_SENSOR_PRESENT && defined LIGHT_SENSOR_PRESENT && SENSOR_TYPE >= 4)
    #error Motion sensor can anly be combined with either I2C OR one-wire sensors, not both.
  #endif

  #if (defined INTERRUPT_SENSOR_PRESENT && (defined LIGHT_SENSOR_PRESENT || SENSOR_TYPE == 4) && defined BATTERY_POWERED)
    #error Interrupt sensor is not compatible with trend sensors like 'baro' and 'light' because the timer will misalign.
  #endif

  #if (SENSOR_TYPE > 4)
    #error Not a valid sensor type!
  #endif


/**************************************************************************/

void before(void)
{  
  Serial.println("\nReading config...");

  #ifndef BATTERY_POWERED
    battPower = false;
  #endif

  sensorFunc = SENSOR_TYPE;

  #ifdef LIGHT_SENSOR_PRESENT
    lightPresent = true;
  #endif

  #ifdef INTERRUPT_SENSOR_PRESENT
    interruptPresent = true;
    lastInterrupt = reedContact.read();
  #endif

  #if (defined MY_SIGNING_SOFT || defined MY_SIGNING_ATSHA204)
    #define sendPause 100
  #else
    #define sendPause 50
  #endif
}
 
/**************************************************************************/

void setup(void)
{  
  pinMode(sensorPowerPin, OUTPUT);       //switch on the sensor power
  digitalWrite(sensorPowerPin, HIGH);    
  wait(50);                              //wait 50 ms for the sensors to settle.
  
  switch (sensorFunc) {
    case 0:
    break;
    case 1:
      sensorPresent = true;
    break;
    case 2: 
      //DS18.begin();
      //DS18.getAddress(DS18address, 0);
      //DS18.setResolution(DS18address, 10);
      sensorPresent = true;
    break;
    case 3:
      HTU.begin();
      sensorPresent = true;
    break;
    case 4:
      //startBME();
      sleepTime = 60000;
      sensorPresent = true;
    break;    
  }

  #if (lightPresent)
    sleepTime = 60000;
    sensorPresent = true;
  #endif

  #ifdef MY_DEBUG                //Differentiate between global debug including radio and local debug          
    sleepTime = 30000;              //for the sketch alone.
  #endif

  batteryStats();

  Serial.println("\nDone. \n\nStarting program.\n");
  
  currTime = millis();
}

/**************************************************************************/

void presentation()  
{
  Serial.println("Start radio and sensors");  
  
  sendSketchInfo(sketchName, sketchVer);

  Sprint("\nPresent ");  
  
  if (sensorFunc >= 1) {
    wait(sendPause);
    present(chanTemp, S_TEMP, "Climate", true);
    Sprint("temperature");
  }
  if (sensorFunc >= 3) {
    wait(sendPause);
    present(chanHum, S_HUM);
    Sprint(", humidity");
    //wait(sendPause);
    //present(chanHeat ,S_TEMP);
    //Sprint(", heatindex");
  }
  if (sensorFunc == 4) {
    wait(sendPause);
    present(chanBaro, S_BARO);
    Sprint(", barometric");
    wait(sendPause);
    present(chanDelta, S_CUSTOM);
    Sprint(" and rate");
  }
  Sprintln(" sensor.");
  
  if (lightPresent) {
    wait(sendPause);   
    present(chanLight, S_LIGHT_LEVEL, "Light", true);
    Sprintln("\nLightsensor "); 
    if (sensorFunc < 4) {
      wait(sendPause);   
      present(chanRate, S_CUSTOM);
      Sprintln("with rate ");
    }
    Sprintln("presented.");     
  }

  if (interruptPresent) {
    wait(sendPause);
    present(chanInterrupt, S_MOTION, "Motion", true);
    Sprintln("Interrupt sensor presented.");
  }

  wait(sendPause);
}


/**************************************************************************/

void loop(void)
{
  if (wakeReason < 0) { 
    Serial.println("Reading sensors...");
    switch (sensorFunc) {
      case 0:
      break;
      case 1:
        updateRFM();
      break;
      case 2:
        updateDS18();
      break;
      case 3:
        updateHTU();
      break;  
      case 4:
        if (sendLoop <= 0) {
          updateBME();
          updated = true;
        }  
        else {
          Sprint("\nTrend: ");
          updateTrend();
          sendLoop--;
        }
      break;
    }
    if (lightPresent) {
      updateMAX();
      if (sensorFunc <= 3) {
        Sprint("\nTrend: ");
        updateTrend();
      }
    }
    wakeReason = 0;
    Sprintln("\nSensors updated...");
  }
  else if (wakeReason == 1) {
    updateInterrupt();
    wakeReason = 0;
  }
  
  if (battStatCounter >= battUpdater) {  
    batteryStats();
  }
  
  if (updated) {
    sendLoop = SENSOR_UPDATE;
    updated = false;
  }
  
  if (millis() >= currTime + sleepWait) {
    startUp = false;
    sleepSensor();
  }
}


/**************************************************************************/

void updateInterrupt()
{/*
  Sprintln("\nInterrupt: ");
  interruptState = reedContact.read();
  wait(50);
  if (interruptState == !lastInterrupt) {
    send(msgIntr.setSensor(chanInterrupt).set(interruptState),true);
    lastInterrupt = interruptState;
  }
  
  Sprint("Door/window is ");
  if (interruptState) {
    Sprintln("opened.");
  }
  else {
    Sprintln("closed");
  }*/
}


/**************************************************************************/

void updateRFM()
{/*
  Sprintln("\nRFM: ");
  sensorData = wireless.readTemperature();
  wait(20);
  send(msgTemp.set(sensorData, 0));
  Sprint("Temperature: \t"); Sprint(sensorData); Sprintln(" sent.");
  battStatCounter++;*/
}

/**************************************************************************/

void updateDS18()
{/*
  Sprintln("\nOne-wire: ");
  DS18.requestTemperatures();
  sensorData = DS18.getTempCByIndex(0);
  wait(20);
  send(msgTemp.set(sensorData, 2));
  battStatCounter++;
  Sprint("Temperature: "); Sprint(sensorData); Sprintln(" sent.");*/
}


/**************************************************************************/

void updateHTU()
{
  Sprintln("\nHTU: ");
  sensorData = HTU.readTemperature();
  heatTemp = sensorData;
  wait(20);
  send(msgTemp.set(sensorData, 1));
  Sprint("Temperature: \t"); Sprint(sensorData); Sprintln(" sent.");
  sensorData = HTU.readHumidity();
  heatHum = sensorData;
  wait(sendPause);
  send(msgHum.set(sensorData, 1));
  Sprint("Humidity: \t"); Sprint(sensorData); Sprintln(" sent.");
  //wait(sendPause);
  //send(msgHeat.set(computeHeatIndex(heatTemp, heatHum), 1));
  //Sprint("Heatindex sent.");  
  battStatCounter++;
}


/**************************************************************************/

void updateBME()
{
  /*Sprintln("\nBME: ");
  BME.begin();
  wait(100);
  sensorData = (BME.readFloatPressure()/pow(1-(alti/44330.0),5.255)/100);
  if (!startUp) {
    trend(sensorData);
    send(msgBaro.set(sensorData,1));
    Sprint("Pressure: \t"); Sprint(sensorData); Sprintln(" sent.");
  }
  if (!(minuteCount < 35 && firstRound)) {
    wait(sendPause);
    send(msgTrend.set(dP_dt,2));
    Sprint("Trend: \t\t"); Sprint(dP_dt); Sprintln(" sent.");
  }
  wait(sendPause);  
  sensorData = BME.readTempC();
  heatTemp = sensorData;
  send(msgTemp.set(sensorData,1));
  Sprint("Temperature: \t"); Sprint(sensorData); Sprintln(" sent.");
  wait(sendPause);
  sensorData = BME.readFloatHumidity();
  heatHum = sensorData;
  send(msgHum.set(sensorData,1));
  Sprint("Humidity: \t"); Sprint(sensorData); Sprintln(" sent.");
  wait(sendPause);
  send(msgHeat.set(computeHeatIndex(heatTemp, heatHum), 1));
  Sprint("Heatindex sent.");
  battStatCounter++;*/
}


/**************************************************************************/

float computeHeatIndex(float tempInput, float humInput)       //Function derived from Adafruit DHT library
{
  /*// Using both Rothfusz and Steadman's equations
  // http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/html/heatindex_equation.shtml
  float hiFar;

  float tempFar = tempInput * 1.8 + 32;

  hiFar = 0.5 * (tempFar + 61.0 + ((tempFar - 68.0) * 1.2) + (humInput * 0.094));

  if (hiFar > 79) {
    hiFar = -42.379 +
             2.04901523 * tempFar +
            10.14333127 * humInput +
            -0.22475541 * tempFar*humInput +
            -0.00683783 * pow(tempFar, 2) +
            -0.05481717 * pow(humInput, 2) +
             0.00122874 * pow(tempFar, 2) * humInput +
             0.00085282 * tempFar*pow(humInput, 2) +
            -0.00000199 * pow(tempFar, 2) * pow(humInput, 2);

    if((humInput < 13) && (tempFar >= 80.0) && (tempFar <= 112.0))
      hiFar -= ((13.0 - humInput) * 0.25) * sqrt((17.0 - abs(tempFar - 95.0)) * 0.05882);

    else if((humInput > 85.0) && (tempFar >= 80.0) && (tempFar <= 87.0))
      hiFar += ((humInput - 85.0) * 0.1) * ((87.0 - tempFar) * 0.2);
  }

  return (hiFar - 32) * 0.55555;*/
}


/**************************************************************************/
void updateTrend()
{
  /*if (sensorFunc == 4) {
   * Sprint("BME -> ");
    BME.begin();
    wait(100);
    sensorData = (BME.readFloatPressure()/pow(1-(alti/44330.0),5.255)/100);
  }
  else if (lightPresent) {
    Sprint("MAX -> ");
    sensorData = lightMax.getLux();
  }
  trend(sensorData);*/
}


/**************************************************************************/

void updateMAX()
{
  /*Sprintln("\nLight: ");
  sensorData = lightMax.getLux();
  if (sensorFunc <= 3) {
    trend(sensorData);
  }
  send(msgLight.set(sensorData,1));
  Sprint("Light: \t"); Sprint(sensorData); Sprintln(" sent.");
  if (sensorFunc <= 3) {
    if (!(minuteCount < 35 && firstRound)) {
      wait(sendPause);
      send(msgTrend.set(dP_dt,2));
      Sprint("Trend: \t"); Sprint(dP_dt); Sprintln(" sent.");
    }
  }
  battStatCounter++;*/
}


/**************************************************************************/

void sleepSensor()
{
  if (battPower) {
    Serial.println("\nSleep the sensor.");
    wait(50); 
    unsigned long lightsOut = (sleepTime - (millis() - currTime));
    if (interruptPresent) {
      if (sensorPresent) {
        wakeReason = sleep(1, CHANGE, lightsOut);
      }
      else {
        wakeReason = sleep(1, CHANGE, 0);
      }
    }
    else {
      //digitalWrite(sensorPowerPin, LOW);      //Disabled because of the I2C pull ups on the HTU board
      sleep(lightsOut);                         //causing a 140uA load in sleep. Without, sleep drain is 5uA.
      wakeReason = -1;
      //digitalWrite(sensorPowerPin, HIGH);
      wait(50);
    }
    currTime = millis();
    Sprint("Wake reason: ");Sprintln(wakeReason);
  }
  else if (millis() >= currTime + sleepTime) {
    wakeReason = -1;
    currTime = millis();
  }
}


/**************************************************************************/

/*void startBME()
{
  BME.settings.commInterface = I2C_MODE;
  BME.settings.I2CAddress = BMEaddr;
  BME.settings.runMode = 1;            //  1, Single mode
  BME.settings.tStandby = 0;           //  0, 0.5ms
  BME.settings.filter = 0;             //  0, filter off
  BME.settings.tempOverSample = 1;
  BME.settings.pressOverSample = 1;
  BME.settings.humidOverSample = 1;  
  
  BME.begin();
}


/**************************************************************************/

float getLastPressureSamplesAverage()
{
  float lastPressureSamplesAverage = 0;
  for (int i = 0; i < LAST_SAMPLES_COUNT; i++)
  {
    lastPressureSamplesAverage += lastPressureSamples[i];
  }
  lastPressureSamplesAverage /= LAST_SAMPLES_COUNT;

  return lastPressureSamplesAverage;
}


/**************************************************************************/

void trend(float pressure)
{/*
  int index = minuteCount % LAST_SAMPLES_COUNT;                 // Calculate the average of the last 5 minutes.
  lastPressureSamples[index] = pressure;

  minuteCount++;
  if (minuteCount > 185)
  {
    minuteCount = 6;
  }

  if (minuteCount == 5)
  {
    pressureAvg = getLastPressureSamplesAverage();
    Sprint("First average: "); Sprint(pressureAvg);
  }
  else if (minuteCount == 35)
  {
    float lastPressureAvg = getLastPressureSamplesAverage();
    float change = (lastPressureAvg - pressureAvg);
    if (firstRound)                                             // first time initial 3 hour
    {
      dP_dt = change * 2;                                       // note this is for t = 0.5hour
    }
    else
    {
      dP_dt = change / 1.5;                                     // divide by 1.5 as this is the difference in time from 0 value.
    }
  }
  else if (minuteCount == 65)
  {
    float lastPressureAvg = getLastPressureSamplesAverage();
    float change = (lastPressureAvg - pressureAvg);
    if (firstRound)                                             //first time initial 3 hour
    {
      dP_dt = change;                                           //note this is for t = 1 hour
    }
    else
    {
      dP_dt = change / 2;                                       //divide by 2 as this is the difference in time from 0 value
    }
  }
  else if (minuteCount == 95)
  {
    float lastPressureAvg = getLastPressureSamplesAverage();
    float change = (lastPressureAvg - pressureAvg);
    if (firstRound)                                             // first time initial 3 hour
    {
      dP_dt = change / 1.5;                                     // note this is for t = 1.5 hour
    }
    else
    {
      dP_dt = change / 2.5;                                     // divide by 2.5 as this is the difference in time from 0 value
    }
  }
  else if (minuteCount == 125)
  {
    float lastPressureAvg = getLastPressureSamplesAverage();
    pressureAvg2 = lastPressureAvg;                             // store for later use.
    float change = (lastPressureAvg - pressureAvg);
    if (firstRound)                                             // first time initial 3 hour
    {
      dP_dt = change / 2;                                       // note this is for t = 2 hour
    }
    else
    {
      dP_dt = change / 3;                                       // divide by 3 as this is the difference in time from 0 value
    }
  }
  else if (minuteCount == 155)
  {
    float lastPressureAvg = getLastPressureSamplesAverage();
    float change = (lastPressureAvg - pressureAvg);
    if (firstRound)                                             // first time initial 3 hour
    {
      dP_dt = change / 2.5;                                     // note this is for t = 2.5 hour
    }
    else
    {
      dP_dt = change / 3.5;                                     // divide by 3.5 as this is the difference in time from 0 value
    }
  }
  else if (minuteCount == 185)
  {
    float lastPressureAvg = getLastPressureSamplesAverage();
    float change = (lastPressureAvg - pressureAvg);
    if (firstRound)                                             // first time initial 3 hour
    {
      dP_dt = change / 3;                                       // note this is for t = 3 hour
    }
    else
    {
      dP_dt = change / 4;                                       // divide by 4 as this is the difference in time from 0 value
    }
    pressureAvg = pressureAvg2;                                 // Equating the pressure at 0 to the pressure at 2 hour after 3 hours have past.
    firstRound = false;                                         // flag to let you know that this is on the past 3 hour mark. Initialized to 0 outside main loop.
  }

  Sprint(F("\tForecast at minute "));
  Sprint(minuteCount);
  Sprint(F(" dP/dt = "));
  Sprint(dP_dt);
  Sprint(F("hPa/h --> "));*/
}


/**************************************************************************/

void batteryStats()
{
  if (battPower) {
    float battPct = vcc.Read_Perc();
    float battVolt = vcc.Read_Volts();
    wait(50);
    sendBatteryLevel(battPct);
    Sprint("Battery level: "); Sprint(battVolt); Sprintln("V.\n");
    battStatCounter = 0;
    wait(50);
  }  
}


/**************************************************************************/

void sendBattLevel()
{
  /*Serial.println("\nBattery: ");
  int ADread = analogRead(batteryPin);
  int battPcnt = map(ADread, 570, 704, 0, 100);  //Usable voltage range from 3.4 to 4.2V
  battPcnt = constrain(battPcnt, 0, 100);        //Charging keeps it at 100%
  sendBatteryLevel(battPcnt);
  Sprint("\nADread\t"); Sprint(ADread); Sprint("\t"); Sprintln(battPcnt);
  battStatCounter = 0;*/
}  

GertSanders ATMega328p 32p TFQP, 8MHz, 38400baud

Warning: Board breadboard:avr:atmega328bb doesn't define a 'build.board' preference. Auto-set to: AVR_ATMEGA328BB

Sketch uses 16,680 bytes (51%) of program storage space. Maximum is 32,256 bytes.
Global variables use 942 bytes (45%) of dynamic memory, leaving 1,106 bytes for local variables. Maximum is 2,048 bytes.

LowPowerLab Moteino 16MHz

Warning: Board breadboard:avr:atmega328bb doesn't define a 'build.board' preference. Auto-set to: AVR_ATMEGA328BB

Sketch uses 14,264 bytes (44%) of program storage space. Maximum is 31,744 bytes.
Global variables use 890 bytes of dynamic memory.

In this sketch the size difference doesn't matter that much. But when I introduce signing it will get tight.
Any thoughts?

(This is a standard sketch which I adapt for every node by commenting out the parts I do not need. So it might seem large for a simple temperature node. It is...).

[GertSanders]

@DavidZH
Do you also get these differences when compiling for both 16Mhz ? In this case one node is 16MHz (Moteino) and the second is 8MHz.
Apart from that I have no clue why this would result in different sizes.

[DavidZH]

I have tried with your bootloader on 16MHz and 8 MHz with crystal.

8MHz, crystal, 1V8

Warning: Board breadboard:avr:atmega328bb doesn't define a 'build.board' preference. Auto-set to: AVR_ATMEGA328BB
Build options changed, rebuilding all

Sketch uses 16,680 bytes (51%) of program storage space. Maximum is 32,256 bytes.
Global variables use 942 bytes (45%) of dynamic memory, leaving 1,106 bytes for local variables. Maximum is 2,048 bytes.

16MHz, crystal, 1V8

Warning: Board breadboard:avr:atmega328bb doesn't define a 'build.board' preference. Auto-set to: AVR_ATMEGA328BB
Build options changed, rebuilding all

Sketch uses 16,694 bytes (51%) of program storage space. Maximum is 32,256 bytes.
Global variables use 942 bytes (45%) of dynamic memory, leaving 1,106 bytes for local variables. Maximum is 2,048 bytes. 

So the 16Mhz file is actally even a bit bigger. I also tried if changing the BOD voltage would change anything, but nope on that.

Might be something to look into in a spare hour.

[mar.conte]

hy,
can anyone tell me what is the word near cpu 8mhz-38k4-d13 etc..??
tanks

[Samuel235]

@mar.conte - Your question isn't very clear. If you're asking what the name means its broken down as:

8mhz - Crystal speed/frequency
38k4 - 38400 upload speed
D13 - Pin 13 to flash the LED (if needed) just for visual indication that the bootloader has been burnt/installed.

Not sure if that is what you meant but I could only assume. If not then please attempt to explain a little clearly for us

Hope that sorts your problem!

[mar.conte]

@Samuel235
Sorry for my english, your answer is ok Tanks you

[Samuel235]

@mar.conte - Its okay, i understood you, just about

Now just apply that description to all of the other bootloader varients that the great @Gertsanders has provided us with

[mar.conte]

Help!!!
I have upload bootloader 8mhz 38k bod 2,7 and internal clock with sketch j gammon!!!
Consumption 2 mh!!!
Why?
Tanks

[Samuel235]

I'm sorry, i don't understand the issue at hand.... Could you attempt to explain any clearer?

[mar.conte]

This post is deleted!

[mar.conte]

@Samuel235
Hy
My project is simple atmega328 with internal clock 8 mhz in powerdown mode end rfm69 hw which send to gateway when pir motion is high powered all with 2 aa battery.
The First test what i do is in breadboard atmega328 with optiboot 6.2 ( i have upload bootloader 8mhz internal , 38vk, bod 2v7) and simple sketch j gammon: result no microampere but around 2/5 mah in sleep mode;

[alexsh1]

@mar.conte I'm not familiar with the sketch you mentioned. The best is to use the voltmeter and oscillograph to determine consumption.

Why do you have BOD 2.7v? I do not have any BOD - this would let a node to run on two batteries until voltage drops to below 1.9V

[mar.conte]

@alexsh1
I have only voltmeter extec, can i mesure ua?
Can you send simple sketch for deep sleep ?

[Samuel235]

@mar.conte - Are you basically saying that your hardware is using too much power to enable you to run on battery for any substantial time?

[mar.conte]

@Samuel235
Yes, i want obtain few micro amp but its two month wich i try without result.....

[tonnerre33]

@mar.conte Which skecth did you use ?
Did you have radio errors in your log ?

[Samuel235]

Could you please either include your sketch here or give us a link to the example sketch that you used please.

[mar.conte]

@Samuel235
Resolved
I have try with sketc j gammon https://www.gammon.com.au/forum/?id=11497
And the problem are pir input (model hrc-501)
Are ever high and the cpu dont go in sleep.
I have remove pir and all ok the atmega run 20 uah very good.
Can you advise a good pir wich run to 3,3 V for my project?
Tanks

[mar.conte]

@mar.conte
im not sure why pir with simple test like this http://playground.arduino.cc/Code/PIRsense is ok
but with my sketch the cpu reset forever

#include <Arduino.h>            // assumes Arduino IDE v1.0 or greater
#include <avr/sleep.h>
#include <avr/wdt.h>
#include <avr/power.h>
#include <avr/io.h>
            


ISR (PCINT2_vect)
{
  // handle pin change interrupt for D0 to D7 here
}  // end of PCINT2_vect



const unsigned long WAIT_TIME = 4000;


 const byte  LED =8 ;
 
 const byte  LED2 =9 ;
int  wakepin =3 ;
  unsigned long lastSleep;



volatile boolean motionDetected=false;
float batteryVolts = 5;
char BATstr[10]; //longest battery voltage reading message = 9chars
char sendBuf[32];
byte sendLen;
void checkBattery(void);

#include <RFM69.h>    //get it here: https://www.github.com/lowpowerlab/rfm69
#include <SPI.h>

//*********************************************************************************************
// *********** IMPORTANT SETTINGS - YOU MUST CHANGE/ONFIGURE TO FIT YOUR HARDWARE *************
//*********************************************************************************************
#define NETWORKID     100  // The same on all nodes that talk to each other
#define NODEID        2    // The unique identifier of this node
#define RECEIVER      1    // The recipient of packets

//Match frequency to the hardware version of the radio on your Feather
//#define FREQUENCY     RF69_433MHZ
//#define FREQUENCY     RF69_868MHZ
#define FREQUENCY     RF69_868MHZ
#define ENCRYPTKEY    "sampleEncryptKey" //exactly the same 16 characters/bytes on all nodes!
#define IS_RFM69HW   true // set to 'true' if you are using an RFM69HCW module

//*********************************************************************************************
#define SERIAL_BAUD   115200

#define RFM69_CS      10
#define RFM69_IRQ     2
#define RFM69_IRQN    0  // Pin 2 is IRQ 0!
#define RFM69_RST     9




int16_t packetnum = 0;  // packet counter, we increment per xmission

RFM69 radio = RFM69(RFM69_CS, RFM69_IRQ, IS_RFM69HW, RFM69_IRQN);  

void setup () {



 
  pinMode (wakepin,INPUT);
    pinMode(LED, OUTPUT);
     pinMode(LED2, OUTPUT);
       digitalWrite(wakepin,HIGH);
   
  
  char buff[50];
 
  Serial.begin(SERIAL_BAUD);

  Serial.println("Arduino RFM69HCW Transmitter");
  
  // Hard Reset the RFM module
  pinMode(RFM69_RST, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(RFM69_RST, HIGH);
  delay(100);
  digitalWrite(RFM69_RST, LOW);
  delay(100);

  // Initialize radio
  radio.initialize(FREQUENCY,NODEID,NETWORKID);
  if (IS_RFM69HW) {
    radio.setHighPower();    // Only for RFM69HCW & HW!
  }
  radio.setPowerLevel(31); // power output ranges from 0 (5dBm) to 31 (20dBm)
  
  radio.encrypt(ENCRYPTKEY);
  
  pinMode(LED, OUTPUT);
  Serial.print("\nTransmitting at ");
  Serial.print(FREQUENCY==RF69_433MHZ ? 433 : FREQUENCY==RF69_868MHZ ? 868 : 915);
  Serial.println(" MHz");

 }




uint16_t batteryReportCycles=0;



void loop () 
{ 
    
   //rf();


  sleepNow();
   rf();
    
 //radio.sleep();
   
                // sleep function called here 


 radio.sleep();
}



void wake ()
{

 // cancel sleep as a precaution
  //sleep_disable();
  // precautionary while we do other stuff
 detachInterrupt (1);
}  // end of wake

void sleepNow()

{

   if (millis () - lastSleep >= WAIT_TIME)
  {
    lastSleep = millis ();


    byte old_ADCSRA = ADCSRA;
    // disable ADC
    ADCSRA = 0;  
    // pin change interrupt (example for D0)
    PCMSK2 |= bit (PCINT16); // want pin 0
    PCIFR  |= bit (PCIF2);   // clear any outstanding interrupts
    PCICR  |= bit (PCIE2);   // enable pin change interrupts for D0 to D7

    set_sleep_mode (SLEEP_MODE_PWR_DOWN);
  
    power_adc_disable();
    power_spi_disable();
    power_timer0_disable();
    power_timer1_disable();
    power_timer2_disable();
    power_twi_disable();
  //PORTB = 0x00;
    UCSR0B &= ~bit (RXEN0);  // disable receiver
    UCSR0B &= ~bit (TXEN0);  // disable transmitter

    sleep_enable();
    
    noInterrupts ();
  attachInterrupt (1, wake,HIGH);
    digitalWrite (LED, LOW);
 
  interrupts ();
    sleep_cpu ();      
   digitalWrite (LED, HIGH);

    sleep_disable();
    power_all_enable();
 
    ADCSRA = old_ADCSRA;
    PCICR  &= ~bit (PCIE2);   // disable pin change interrupts for D0 to D7
    UCSR0B |= bit (RXEN0);  // enable receiver
    UCSR0B |= bit (TXEN0);  // enable transmitter

  }  // end of time to sleep
   
 
}

void rf()
{
 char radiopacket[20] = "Hello World #";
  itoa(packetnum++, radiopacket+13, 10);
  Serial.print("Sending "); Serial.println(radiopacket);
    
  if (!radio.sendWithRetry(RECEIVER, radiopacket, strlen(radiopacket))) { //target node Id, message as string or byte array, message length
    Serial.println("OK");

  }

  radio.receiveDone(); //put radio in RX mode
  Serial.flush(); //make sure all serial data is clocked out before sleeping the MCU
  
  


 }

[Samuel235]

Firstly, i can't read the structure the way you have posted your sketch. You should use the code function in the reply, the icon looks like "</>" above where you make your reply. Put your code in there for us to have any chance of reading it at all.

Secondly, I don't think that this is the place to be posting this issue. For a start, this isn't an issue relevant to the bootloader in this thread and secondly, it doesn't even have anything to do with MySensors.

[alexsh1]

@mar.conte yes, you can measure consumption (should be in uA) while sleeping with a good voltmeter.

However, I really fail to understand what has Nick's sketch you mentioned to do with MySensors? I suppose some people here may be aware of sleeping issues, but again your problem has nothing to do with MySensors.

Please see the following - it may help you troubleshoot your issue
https://www.mysensors.org/build/battery

[mar.conte]

@Samuel235
I wanted to build my projects with mysensors, first of all I started with bootloader found in this section to try them with examples that I know because I do not know yet mysensors, I wanted to learn it so I took the liberty to insert code in your section. if you can figure out my problem thank you or I apologize for the trouble thanks

[Samuel235]

I get why you done it, but i don't understand why. You don't need to 'know' mysensors.... There is a getting started page, i suggest you take a few hours and read through everything. I'm not helping with an issue that is completely not related to mysensors while on the mysensors forum. Just simply for future readers of this thread that come here to solve their issue, if this thread is bloated out with over 10/20 replies that is not related to the question at hand its much harder for them to find their resolution here. I suggest contacting the author of the code himself as i'm pretty sure that your issue is not the bootloader.

[mar.conte]

@Samuel235

Thanks anyway, this section introduced me to some very interesting bootloader, at least with these bootloader I can get a few microamperes for my projects, I will take note of your good day and thank you tips

[siod]

Hi guys,

I am getting an errror when trying to burn the bootloader, any idea what´s wrong? Im using Arduino IDE 1.6.10 and these settings:

and that´s the error:

avrdude: Version 6.3, compiled on Jun 22 2016 at 16:05:21
         Copyright (c) 2000-2005 Brian Dean, http://www.bdmicro.com/
         Copyright (c) 2007-2014 Joerg Wunsch

         System wide configuration file is "T:\Programme\Arduino 1.6.10\hardware\tools\avr/etc/avrdude.conf"

         Using Port                    : COM10
         Using Programmer              : stk500v1
         Overriding Baud Rate          : 19200
         AVR Part                      : ATmega328P
         Chip Erase delay              : 9000 us
         PAGEL                         : PD7
         BS2                           : PC2
         RESET disposition             : dedicated
         RETRY pulse                   : SCK
         serial program mode           : yes
         parallel program mode         : yes
         Timeout                       : 200
         StabDelay                     : 100
         CmdexeDelay                   : 25
         SyncLoops                     : 32
         ByteDelay                     : 0
         PollIndex                     : 3
         PollValue                     : 0x53
         Memory Detail                 :

                                  Block Poll               Page                       Polled
           Memory Type Mode Delay Size  Indx Paged  Size   Size #Pages MinW  MaxW   ReadBack
           ----------- ---- ----- ----- ---- ------ ------ ---- ------ ----- ----- ---------
           eeprom        65    20     4    0 no       1024    4      0  3600  3600 0xff 0xff
           flash         65     6   128    0 yes     32768  128    256  4500  4500 0xff 0xff
           lfuse          0     0     0    0 no          1    0      0  4500  4500 0x00 0x00
           hfuse          0     0     0    0 no          1    0      0  4500  4500 0x00 0x00
           efuse          0     0     0    0 no          1    0      0  4500  4500 0x00 0x00
           lock           0     0     0    0 no          1    0      0  4500  4500 0x00 0x00
           calibration    0     0     0    0 no          1    0      0     0     0 0x00 0x00
           signature      0     0     0    0 no          3    0      0     0     0 0x00 0x00

         Programmer Type : STK500
         Description     : Atmel STK500 Version 1.x firmware
         Hardware Version: 2
         Firmware Version: 1.18
         Topcard         : Unknown
         Vtarget         : 0.0 V
         Varef           : 0.0 V
         Oscillator      : Off
         SCK period      : 0.1 us

avrdude: AVR device initialized and ready to accept instructions

Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.06s

avrdude: Device signature = 0x1e950f (probably m328p)
avrdude: erasing chip
avrdude: reading input file "0x3F"
avrdude: writing lock (1 bytes):

Writing | ################################################## | 100% 0.03s

avrdude: 1 bytes of lock written
avrdude: verifying lock memory against 0x3F:
avrdude: load data lock data from input file 0x3F:
avrdude: input file 0x3F contains 1 bytes
avrdude: reading on-chip lock data:

Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.02s

avrdude: verifying ...
avrdude: 1 bytes of lock verified
avrdude: reading input file "0x06"
avrdude: writing efuse (1 bytes):

Writing |  ***failed;  
################################################## | 100% 0.16s

avrdude: 1 bytes of efuse written
avrdude: verifying efuse memory against 0x06:
avrdude: load data efuse data from input file 0x06:
avrdude: input file 0x06 contains 1 bytes
avrdude: reading on-chip efuse data:

Fehler beim Brennen des Bootloaders.
Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.02s

avrdude: verifying ...
avrdude: verification error, first mismatch at byte 0x0000
         0xfe != 0x06
avrdude: verification error; content mismatch

avrdude done.  Thank you.

[alexsh1]

@siod what board are you using? Windows or Mac?
I would suggest update Arduino IDE - you are running an old version

Many people experience similar issues when using a wrong version of IDE:

https://forum.arduino.cc/index.php?topic=431294.0

[GertSanders]

I have been using version 1.8.x (at 1.8.2 now) for quite a while now, so no experience with 1.6.10

Best is indeed to update the IDE, as this will also bring new versions of GCC (the compiler) and I thought also of AVRDUDE (transfertool). Not sure about that last bit though.

Gert

[siod]

Hi guys,

thx for your quick reply. I could upload the bootloader using ver 1.6.5 of the Arduino IDE. After that I realized ther is already a 1.8.2 version released which is closing the gaps between arduino.cc and arduino.org.
I havent tested this version now, but I guess it was just an IDE error, so everything´s fine now...

[martim]

I have copy the file over the existing files and then I get this error with burning:

java.io.IOException: Cannot run program "{runtime.tools.avrdude.path}/bin/avrdude": CreateProcess error=2, The system cannot find the file specified

I am using Arduino IDE 1.8.2

[aclertant]

I'm probably a rare case but I successfully burn the bootloader (atmel 328p stand alone with slimeNode board) using atmel studio7 with an AVRMK2ISP, flash the mySensors code using arduino IDE and the "nodeManager" libraries succesfully too and everythings appear properly in my HomeAssistant, very nice, I've just give a paypal tips ;o)

But I have no idea why I use this bootloader ??? If I used a nano, I wont change the bootloader ? Is there something better ? It could look stupid but their is no real explain about WHY I must change my bootloader on this page...

[Rolo6442u]

Found these bootloaders and using the 1MHz for some low power experiments. I did get this error message when burning the bootloader (using USBASP programmer) :
"avrdude: WARNING: invalid value for unused bits in fuse "efuse", should be set to 1 according to datasheet
This behaviour is deprecated and will result in an error in future version
You probably want to use 0xfd instead of 0x05 (double check with your datasheet first)."
The bootloader woas succesfully burned so the message was informational. I did look into this and made the following changes in boards.txt :
I changed all the lines containing "......bootloader.extended_fuses="
There are multiples sections in the file that have these lines.

old value -> new value
0x04 0xFC
0x05 0xFD
0x06 0xFE
0x07 0xFF

I used this site link text
for calculating the new values for the extended fuse.
Now the error message is gone. Maybe this is of any help when using these bootloaders.

[aramko aramko]

This post is deleted!