Step-by-step procedure to connect the NRF24L01+ to the GPIO pins and use the Raspberry as a Serial Gateway (MySensors 1.x)
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Hi
something is missing..Is there a problem with the repository
Tks a lot for your job!pi@domoticjp ~ $ sudo git clone https://github.com/mysensors/Raspberry.git Cloning into 'Raspberry'... remote: Counting objects: 273, done. remote: Compressing objects: 100% (3/3), done. remote: Total 273 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 270 Receiving objects: 100% (273/273), 215.00 KiB | 0 bytes/s, done. Resolving deltas: 100% (114/114), done. Checking connectivity... done. pi@domoticjp ~ $ cd Raspberry/librf24-bcm -bash: cd: Raspberry/librf24-bcm: No such file or directory@jpbabou said:
Hi
something is missing..Is there a problem with the repository
Tks a lot for your job!pi@domoticjp ~ $ sudo git clone https://github.com/mysensors/Raspberry.git Cloning into 'Raspberry'... remote: Counting objects: 273, done. remote: Compressing objects: 100% (3/3), done. remote: Total 273 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 270 Receiving objects: 100% (273/273), 215.00 KiB | 0 bytes/s, done. Resolving deltas: 100% (114/114), done. Checking connectivity... done. pi@domoticjp ~ $ cd Raspberry/librf24-bcm -bash: cd: Raspberry/librf24-bcm: No such file or directoryThe guide has been updated to reflect the updated in the MySensors Raspberry repository now. Thanks @jpbabou !
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weird. Permission Denied problem again.
What is the USER : GROUP that is needed for this to work?
Hi!
Have you added the user that runs homeassistant to the dialout group? This group is usually owner of serial ports.
Check default group of serial port (change for your port below) after connecting it:
pi@martin-pi:~ $ ls -l /dev/ttyUSB0 crw-rw---- 1 root dialout 188, 0 dec 18 03:21 /dev/ttyUSB0Check groups that user pi is in:
pi@martin-pi:~ $ groups pi pi : pi adm dialout cdrom sudo audio video plugdev games users input netdev spi i2c gpioIf pi runs homeassistant, which should be the case, and is not in dialout, add pi to dialout:
sudo adduser pi dialoutChanging owner of a port will only work until you disconnect it. Default owner will be restored upon reconnect, if you haven't written a special udev rule.
Edit:
According to the readme in the mysensors raspberry repo (https://github.com/mysensors/Raspberry), the group of the device is tty. So you should probably use that, and not dialout. But you will know, when you check withls -l. -
Note: This guide is only applicable to MySensors 1.x. For MySensors 2, use this guide.
I noticed that a step-by-step procedure to connect the NRF24L01 to the GPIO pins and use the Raspberry as a Serial Gateway was listed in the document for MySensors 1.6.
Since I have three gateways configured this way, and I need to set up 3 more for covering different offices around the world, and I had already written the instructions in Swedish for Datormagazin, I thought I'd help out.
This is the first draft. Any feedback is welcome.
INTRODUCTION
The radio module NRF24L01+ is cheap and power efficient, but it is unable to communicate with regular wifi. The bridge between NRF24L01+ nodes and the "computer world" is called a Gateway. You can use other types of gateways, but connecting the NRF24L01+ module directly to the Raspberry Pi is a simple and cheap alternative.Wiring Things Up
Connect the NRF20L01+ radio module to the Raspberry Pi like this:
![raspi_mysensors[1].png](/uploads/files/1448223387663-raspi_mysensors-1.png)
Raspberry Pi NRF24L01+ Color 6 / GND GND Black 1 / 3.3V DC VCC Red 22 / GPIO25 CE Orange 24 / GPIO 8 CSN/CS Yellow 23 / GPIO11 / SPI_CLK SCK Green 19 / GPIO10 / SPI_MOSI MOSI Blue 21 / GPIO9 / SPI_MISO MISO Violet The IRQ pin on NRF24L01 is not currently used.
For a comprehensive view of the Raspberry Pi pins, see http://pinout.xyz/
You should also connect a decoupling capacitor to the radio. See this guide.
COMPILING THE GATEWAY
Login to your Raspberry Pi (using SSH or open a terminal on the graphical console) and run these commands:git clone https://github.com/TMRh20/RF24.git cd RF24 make all && sudo make install cd .. git clone https://github.com/mysensors/Raspberry.git cd Raspberry make all && sudo make installIf you get the following error:
pi@raspberrypi ~/RF24 $ make all && sudo make install g++ -Wall -fPIC -Ofast -mfpu=vfp -mfloat-abi=hard -mtune=arm1176jzf-s -march=armv7-a -D BCM2835_PERI_BASE=0x -c RF24.cpp gcc -Wall -fPIC -Ofast -mfpu=vfp -mfloat-abi=hard -mtune=arm1176jzf-s -march=armv7-a -D BCM2835_PERI_BASE=0x -c bcm2835.c bcm2835.c: In function ‘bcm2835_init’: bcm2835.c:1207:28: error: invalid suffix "x" on integer constantYou've probably run into the problem discussed in this thread. People have had luck with different solutions. The simplest is to make the following change to ~/Raspberry/librf24-bcm/Makefile
#IOBASE := $(shell cat /proc/iomem | grep bcm2708_vcio | cut -f 1 -d "-") IOBASE := 3F000000VERIFY THE GATEWAY
Run sudo /usr/local/sbin/PiGatewaySerial. The output should look like this:pi@raspberrypi ~/Raspberry $ sudo /usr/local/sbin/PiGatewaySerial Starting PiGatewaySerial... Protocol version - 1.4 Created PTY '/dev/pts/1' Gateway tty: /dev/ttyMySensorsGateway ================ SPI Configuration ================ CSN Pin = CE0 (PI Hardware Driven) CE Pin = Custom GPIO25 Clock Speed = 8 Mhz ================ NRF Configuration ================ STATUS = 0x0e RX_DR=0 TX_DS=0 MAX_RT=0 RX_P_NO=7 TX_FULL=0 RX_ADDR_P0-1 = 0xe7e7e7e7e7 0xc2c2c2c2c2 RX_ADDR_P2-5 = 0xff 0xc4 0xc5 0xc6 TX_ADDR = 0xe7e7e7e7e7 RX_PW_P0-6 = 0x00 0x00 0x20 0x00 0x00 0x00 EN_AA = 0x3b EN_RXADDR = 0x07 RF_CH = 0x4c RF_SETUP = 0x23 CONFIG = 0x0e DYNPD/FEATURE = 0x3f 0x06 Data Rate = 250KBPS Model = nRF24L01+ CRC Length = 16 bits PA Power = PA_LOWIf the NRF24L01+ isn't correctly wired, the following error will be shown
pi@raspberrypi ~ $ sudo /usr/local/sbin/PiGatewaySerial Starting PiGatewaySerial... Protocol version - 1.4 Created PTY '/dev/pts/2' Gateway tty: /dev/ttyMySensorsGateway check wiresIf this happens, double-check your wiring and correct any problems. Press Ctrl+Z and type
sudo killall PiGatewaySerialto get rid of the non-functioning Gateway. Then run sudo /usr/local/sbin/PiGatewaySerial again
If all is well, exit PiGatewaySerial by pressing Ctrl+C. Then run
sudo /etc/init.d/PiGatewaySerial startto start the gateway as a background process. Verify that it started correctly by running
sudo cat /dev/ttyMySensorsGatewayYou should see the message "Gateway startup complete". Exit by typing Ctrl+C.
MAKE THE GATEWAY AUTOSTART
To make sure the Gateway is started when your Raspberry Pi boots up, run the following command:sudo make enable-gwserialEnable the gateway for use with Domoticz
Domoticz (and maybe other home automation systems) has trouble reading from the default path created by PiGatewaySerial. You might need to run the following command:sudo ln -s /dev/ttyMySensorsGateway /dev/ttyUSB20And change /etc/rc.local from this
exit 0to this
ln -s /dev/ttyMySensorsGateway /dev/ttyUSB20 exit 0OTHER NOTES
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The 3.3V power on the Raspberry Pi is rated for a maximum of 50mA. A regular NRF24L01+ only needs 15mA, but if you are using a power amplified version you might exceed what the Raspberry Pi can output. In that case, an external power supply might be required. If you use an external power source gnd must be connected to the Raspberry Pi's gnd.
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Connecting the NRF24L01+ directly to your Raspberry Pi will prevent you from using the Raspberry Pi's gpio ports for other things, like a Z-wave board.
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A user experienced slow data transfer compared to USB-to-Serial(ttl)<-->MySensors Gateway connection, especially on OTA firmware update. If you think this will cause a problem for you, an ethernet gateway might be a better alternative.
As always, I stand on the shoulders of giants. Related posts:
- http://forum.mysensors.org/topic/1151/tutorial-raspberry-pi-nrf24l01-direct-connection
- http://forum.mysensors.org/topic/1974/domoticz-as-controller-and-a-gateway-for-mysensor-nodes-running-on-a-raspberry-pi-2
TROUBLESHOOTING
If you get this errorpi@Domoticz3:~/Raspberry$ sudo /etc/init.d/PiGatewaySerial start [....] Starting PiGatewaySerial (via systemctl): PiGatewaySerial.serviceFailed to start PiGatewaySerial.service: Unit PiGatewaySerial.service failed to load: No such file or directory. failed!or this error
pi@raspberrypi ~ $ sudo /usr/local/sbin/PiGatewaySerial sudo: /usr/local/sbin/PiGatewaySerial: command not foundyou have probably forgotten to run sudo make install. Read the instructions again, and follow them this time :-) User @sineverba reported that a reboot of the Pi after running make install helped.
@mfalkvidd Hi there and thanks for a great and super detailed step-by-step tutorial.
I've got mine running in no time with your instructions, but after a couple of minutes I've got the following error:
2015-12-30 20:51:30.356 Error: MySensors: Unhandled sensor (sub-type=32), please report with log!
2015-12-30 20:52:01.390 Error: Serial Port closed!... Error: End of file
2015-12-30 20:52:02.315 MySensors: retrying in 30 seconds...
2015-12-30 20:52:31.319 MySensors: Using serial port: /dev/ttyUSB20
2015-12-30 20:52:31.320 Error: MySensors: Error opening serial port!
2015-12-30 20:52:32.321 MySensors: retrying in 30 seconds...
2015-12-30 20:53:01.324 MySensors: Using serial port: /dev/ttyUSB20I also attached a partial screen capture showing that it was working before 8-)
Any idea on why is this happening and how to solve it?
Southern regards and happy new year to all!
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When I try to run the init.d script:
sudo /etc/init.d/PiGatewaySerial startI get the following error:
[....] Starting PiGatewaySerial (via systemctl): PiGatewaySerial.serviceFailed to start PiGatewaySerial.service: Unit PiGatewaySerial.service failed to load: No such file or directory. failed!No such file or directory.... Obviously a missing folder or file, but I am not savvy enough to debug this.... Any help appreciated..
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When I try to run the init.d script:
sudo /etc/init.d/PiGatewaySerial startI get the following error:
[....] Starting PiGatewaySerial (via systemctl): PiGatewaySerial.serviceFailed to start PiGatewaySerial.service: Unit PiGatewaySerial.service failed to load: No such file or directory. failed!No such file or directory.... Obviously a missing folder or file, but I am not savvy enough to debug this.... Any help appreciated..
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@mfalkvidd Yesterday I stopped trying and shutdown the Pi. This morning I tried the same again and it works !!
Pretty sure I haven't done anything else.
Thanks anyway.Sander
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Hello, If followed the instruction and everything seemed to work without any problem.
However when I enter the command : sudo cat /dev/ttyMySensorsGateway
I get the message : cat: /dev/ttyMySensorsGateway: No such file or directory
Does anybody have any idea how to solve this ? -
Hello, If followed the instruction and everything seemed to work without any problem.
However when I enter the command : sudo cat /dev/ttyMySensorsGateway
I get the message : cat: /dev/ttyMySensorsGateway: No such file or directory
Does anybody have any idea how to solve this ? -
@mfalkvidd said:
sudo /etc/init.d/PiGatewaySerial start
No output and no error message. Just a new command line.
pi@raspberrypi ~ $ sudo /etc/init.d/PiGatewaySerial start
pi@raspberrypi ~ $ -
When I
ls -l ttyMySensorsGatewayI get
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 3 20:21 ttyMySensorsGateway -> /dev/pts/0It's all root. This results in all kinds of acessability issues. I followed all instructions exactly. Anyone any ideas how to change this ?
Sander.
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When I
ls -l ttyMySensorsGatewayI get
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 3 20:21 ttyMySensorsGateway -> /dev/pts/0It's all root. This results in all kinds of acessability issues. I followed all instructions exactly. Anyone any ideas how to change this ?
Sander.
Try writing a udev rule to set owner of the device (ttyMysensorsGateway) at boot. If you don't need to use the link you could write a rule that names the pts device to the same name every boot, I think. At least for usb devices this works. Haven't tried it in this particular case.
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When I
ls -l ttyMySensorsGatewayI get
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 3 20:21 ttyMySensorsGateway -> /dev/pts/0It's all root. This results in all kinds of acessability issues. I followed all instructions exactly. Anyone any ideas how to change this ?
Sander.
@Sander-Teunissen said:
When I
ls -l ttyMySensorsGatewayI get
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 3 20:21 ttyMySensorsGateway -> /dev/pts/0It's all root. This results in all kinds of acessability issues. I followed all instructions exactly. Anyone any ideas how to change this ?
The permissions for a soft link are not used (and if they were, any user would be allowed to do anything since everything is rwx). The permissions for the target is used instead. So it is the result of
ls -l /dev/pts/0you need to worry about.
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Hello @mfalkvidd , I read the topic again but I am a bit confused. Normally we have a sketch on the Arduino board to enable signing for example or implement our desired code. I don't understand how to edit this before compiling ?
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Sorry @ahmedadelhosni, I haven't tried to compile the Raspberry gateway for signing. @Anticimex will probably chide me for that, and rightly so :)
It should just be a matter of modifying MyConfig.h to enable signing, as per the instructions in http://forum.mysensors.org/topic/1021/security-introducing-signing-support-to-mysensors but maybe the MySensor files in the Raspberry repo haven't been updated with the signing features. -
The signing backends are updated for multi arch support thanks to @tbowmo and his SAMD gateway project, but they still assume Arduino compatible api:s for io, so if the raspberry repo/port provide that, it should work. If not, it should just be a matter of adding support for the raspberry spi:s for setting pin direction and states and (if sw backend is to be used) provide a random number generator. The code is C/C++ and hw independent in other aspects.
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If anyone would like to add support for rPi to the signing backends, I suggest using a Linux generic approach using sysfs to handle io. Same for rng (using an appropriate device node, rpi has a hw rng that should be used).
If the design is Linux generic and uses proper design to abstract raspberry board specifics, it opens up for reuse by any hw that uses a Linux kernel :)
