@m26872 Good call on the 9v. It reminded me I had a couple 9V battery holders sitting around. I ran it into Raw/Ground as suggested, and the ping sensor is right on the target with distances now.
Someone more talented than me might be able to modify the NewPing code to listen only for echos without sending out triggers, and I'd be willing to test it with the StepUp module and see if it's hearing responses without sending out pings.
@hek it might be worth adding a note to the Distance sensor page about StepUp's possibly interfering.