RS485/RS232/Serial transport class for mysensors.org

[pjr]

@andriej remember to calculate how much current you can take thru cat5e and how much load there can be with one pair.
From wikipedia: "Maximum current per conductor 0.577A". So this would make P=UxI -> 12Vx0.577A=6.92W. There is calculations where one nano can take max 1.4Watts. You could use more wires of the car5e for power or lift voltage upper. 48Vx0.577A=27.70W ;)

[andriej]

@pjr I'm aware of that :-)
Still struggling with decision either to use the CAT5e just as a loooong cable to (doorbell) switch or use it to PoE small nanos all over the place and run i.e. MQTT on each wall-switch separate.
In second option the RS485 protocol would be the best, because of small form factor (smaller than ethernet port inside switch) and possibility to use MySensors too ;-)

[andriej]

@kimot what has to be done to prepare MySensors to use CAN?
I'm thinking about ordering some modules for tests. :-)

[TimO]

@andriej said:

use it to PoE small nanos all over the place

Which components do you have in mind? I 'm thinking in that direction too.

[andriej]

@TimO this small W5100 module: http://www.aliexpress.com/item/TOP-Mini-W5100-LAN-Ethernet-Shield-Network-Module-board-Best/32457200047.html with step-down dc converter. :-)
Cheaper than the PoE standard version.

[kimot]

@andriej
It is a pity that not paying more attention mysensors.org for nodes interconnected by wires. But it is very difficult to find peer-to-peer protocol for RS485. Mainly because of solving collisions on the bus when multiple sensors. But it is very difficult to find peer-to-peer protocol for RS485. Mainly because of solving collisions on the bus when multiple sensors. I think that used ICSC library does not address this matter satisfactorily and with a larger number of sensor problems arise. ICSC library uses a Serial Software library by heavyweight each node on the bus, because all must be checke every bit transmitted on the bus. Look at different implementation:

www.mrbus.org

I think, thet using hardware UART is absolutely necessary.
Or why when we use a separate module for radio transmission, we use the special module for robust message transfer over the wired bus? CAN controllers are not so expensive in this days:

http://www.ebay.com/itm/MCP2515-CAN-Bus-Module-Board-TJA1050-receiver-SPI-For-51-MCU-ARM-controller-M2-/381500570180?hash=item58d334ba44:g:OhcAAOSw3KFWfANk

After correct CAN controller configuration, we simply write a message to the CAN controller and forgot about it. No check or bus arbitration. And through interrupt pin from the controller just pick up the incoming message with our ID or broadcast.

I know it's not as simple as using only RS485 transmitter itself, but we are guaranteed connecting maximum of 110 nodes and various libraries for Arduino for this CAN controller exist.

[kimot]

@andriej
But on the other side, with simply CANbus, we have got only 8 byte payload for our data.

[andriej]

@kimot so the only thing that's left is TCP/IP and MQTT...

[LeoDesigner]

@kimot
Thanks for pointing to mrbus.org.
I have seen this before - it's really nice implementation of RS485 bus management.
It's worth trying to implement it. However, I can see only one weak point of ICSC lib. It's a moment when both nodes listening a bus and starting to transmit at the same time. In this case the both packets will be lost. (This situation can occur only during the transmission of the first starting byte, so higher bus speed can make this situation rare.)
I have both the radio and wired mysensors network. And wired network in order of magnitude is more reliable. I have a really small amount of lost packets. The packets are retransmitted only due delay in the code of the nodes.

[radekzm]

HELP: Please instructions on how I can run this RS485 transport class for beginners.

Some basic questions:

1. First point instructions: File "SerialTransport.h" and "SerialTransport.cpp" download to C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\libraries\MySensors[here]. is this correct ?
2. On the second point instructions: "Add #include <SerialTransport.h> to your .ino sketch" but examples do not have this:
   https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/tree/development/libraries/MySensors/examples/MotionSensorRS485
   https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/tree/development/libraries/MySensors/examples/GatewaySerialRS485
   way ?
   In what file i must put this line "#include <SerialTransport.h>" ? main sketch ?
3. The third point instructions: Replace transport class with: "Replace transport class with: " where exactly ? Maybe I have a different version MySensors because I can not find the declaration "#define MY_RADIO_RF24" and replace it with a "#define MY_RS485". I do not know how to change the NRF to RS485 in lib MySensors. Please precise instructions with examples for the current version lib MySensors.
4. Can I get examples of sketch (confirmed that work with the physical bus RS485) Gateway and sensor.

I use Windows, path of arduino lib is: C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\libraries.

The only thing that works:
When I connect RS485 to USB on Raspberry Pi (domoticz) and on the other side sensor (Arduino Pro Mini + DHT22) received on Raspberry:

radek@raspberrypi $ cat /dev/ttyUSB0
radi init fail

It sent the sensor by the RS485 to Rasberry PI. So the RS485 is working properly.

Sorry for my English and thank you for your help.

[pjr]

I think those instructions are written for older version of the library. Now you could just copy those examples and try without changing anything.... I think ;)

[radekzm]

In the examples, there is no information on how to disable the radio NRF24 and enable RS485, this is my main problem.

MySensors still try init Radio NRF, because no radio connected in sending "radio init fail"

Renovate the house and so I want to use it:
Raspberry Pi (Domoticz) <--- USB ---> MySensor Gateway RS485 <--- RS485 (Cat5e) ---> MySensors Sensors & Actuators (x 20)

Will show photos when I finish.

[hek]

@radekzm said:

In the examples, there is no information on how to disable the radio NRF24 and enable RS485, this is my main problem.

It is this line that activates the RS485 transport (also note that no radio is activated).
https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/blob/development/libraries/MySensors/examples/GatewaySerialRS485/GatewaySerialRS485.ino#L56

I haven't had the opportunity to test this thoroughly. So there might be issues.

[radekzm]

I think that constat value:

#define MY_RS485

https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/blob/development/libraries/MySensors/examples/GatewaySerialRS485/GatewaySerialRS485.ino#L56

It is doing nothing and changes nothing. This constat value is only on exmaple sketch. It is not a reference to the constat value in the library MySensros and mysensors-serial-transport.

Searching 1628 files for "MY_RS485"
0 matches

??? I still do not know how to use the RS485 instead of NRF24 ???

[hek]

What do you mean?

If surely affects things here:
https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/blob/development/libraries/MySensors/MySensor.h#L237-L268

[radekzm]

That's exactly what I looking for !. In my version of the library that are missing.
In my version of the library that (supports RS485) are missing.
I downloaded the Library https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/archive/master.zip this is my problem.
Should I download from https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/tree/development/libraries/MySensors.

The last question: Do I have just these two files download and replace from second url and that all ?

[hek]

You'll have to download replace everything in MySensors library folder.

[LeoDesigner]

@radekzm said:

HELP: Please instructions on how I can run this RS485 transport class for beginners.

You have to use a stable 1.5.2 version for my RS485 transport class. Not a development branch. You also may want to try development version too. The instruction was written for 1.5 (1.5.2) version of mysensors libs.

Some basic questions:

1. First point instructions: File "SerialTransport.h" and "SerialTransport.cpp" download to C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\libraries\MySensors[here]. is this correct ?

...\Arduino\libraries\SerialTransport\ [HERE]

2. On the second point instructions: "Add #include <SerialTransport.h> to your .ino sketch" but examples do not have this:
   https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/tree/development/libraries/MySensors/examples/MotionSensorRS485
   https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/tree/development/libraries/MySensors/examples/GatewaySerialRS485
   way ?

They are for development version - not for stable 1.5.2

In what file i must put this line "#include <SerialTransport.h>" ? main sketch ?
Yes.

3. The third point instructions: Replace transport class with: "Replace transport class with: " where exactly ? Maybe I have a different version MySensors because I can not find the declaration "#define MY_RADIO_RF24" and replace it with a "#define MY_RS485". I do not know how to change the NRF to RS485 in lib MySensors. Please precise instructions with examples for the current version lib MySensors.

Please check examples for version 1.5 (1.5.2)

4. Can I get examples of sketch (confirmed that work with the physical bus RS485) Gateway and sensor.

/*
* MockMySensors 485
*
* This skecth is intended to crate fake sensors which register and respond to the controller
* 
* Barduino 2015
*/

#include <MySigningNone.h>
//#include <MyTransportRFM69.h>
//#include <MyTransportNRF24.h>
#include <MyHwATMega328.h>
#include <MySigningAtsha204Soft.h>
#include <MySigningAtsha204.h>

#include <SPI.h>
#include <MySensor.h>  
#include <MyMessage.h>

#include <SerialTransport.h>


#define RADIO_ERROR_LED_PIN 9  // Error led pin
#define RADIO_RX_LED_PIN    8  // Receive led pin
#define RADIO_TX_LED_PIN    7  // the PCB, on board LED


// Wait times
#define LONG_WAIT 500
#define SHORT_WAIT 50

#define SKETCH_NAME "FakeMySensors 485 241"
#define SKETCH_VERSION "v0.2"

// Global Vars
// unsigned long SLEEP_TIME = 60000; // Sleep time between reads (in milliseconds)
unsigned long SLEEP_TIME = 3000; // Sleep time between reads (in milliseconds)

boolean metric = true;
long randNumber;

// Instanciate MySersors Gateway
//MyTransportNRF24 transport(RF24_CE_PIN, RF24_CS_PIN, RF24_PA_LEVEL_GW);
//MyTransportRFM69 transport;
MyTransportSerial transport(Serial,241,6); // serial port, node, dePin (-1 disabled)


// Message signing driver (signer needed if MY_SIGNING_FEATURE is turned on in MyConfig.h)
//MySigningNone signer;
//MySigningAtsha204Soft signer;
//MySigningAtsha204 signer;

// Hardware profile 
MyHwATMega328 hw;

// Construct MySensors library (signer needed if MY_SIGNING_FEATURE is turned on in MyConfig.h)
// To use LEDs blinking, uncomment WITH_LEDS_BLINKING in MyConfig.h
#ifdef WITH_LEDS_BLINKING
MySensor gw(transport, hw /*, signer*/, RADIO_RX_LED_PIN, RADIO_TX_LED_PIN, RADIO_ERROR_LED_PIN);
#else
MySensor gw(transport, hw /*, signer*/);
#endif

//Instanciate Messages objects

#ifdef ID_S_DOOR
  MyMessage msg_S_DOOR(ID_S_DOOR,V_TRIPPED);
#endif


......
......

I use Windows, path of arduino lib is: C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\libraries.

You have to decide which version of the library to use.
My SerialTransport is written only for version 1.5.2
It's tested and working. BTW, I will upload updated version in a few minutes to github.

[radekzm]

I still have a few questions:

Use: https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/tree/development/libraries/MySensors.

1) Architecture: Do I understand correctly, example test:
raspberry pi domoticz [USB] <---- USB RS232 built-in Arduino nano ----> (hardware RS232, PIN: tx/rx) Arduino Nano (Gatwey RS485) (AltSoftSerial, PIN: 2,7,8) <---- RS485 AltSoftSerial ----> (AltSoftSerial, PIN: 2,7,8) Arduino Pro Mini <------ PIN 3, DHT22

2) Gatwey RS485 Arduino Nano:

• USB port of the Arduino Nano plugs in to Raspberry PI and set MySensors USB gateway in Domoticz ?
• Gatwaey to communicate with RS485 uses AltSoftSerial ? Whta PIN ? R0 / DI ?
• Gatwey Arduino Nano to communicate with Raspberry PI (Domoticz) use hardware USB (built in RS232) ?
• Gatweway don't have Debug mode (no free RS) ? When uploading have I must turn of debug mode in MyConfig.h when use RS485?
• DE PIN 2 ?
• RO PIN 8 ?
• DI PIN 9 ?
• PIN 2/8/9 connected directly without pull-up resistors or current limiting ?

  /**
...
 * The gateway uses AltSoftSerial to handle two serial links 
 * on one Arduino. Use the following pins for RS485 link
 * 
 *  Board          Transmit  Receive   PWM Unusable
 * -----          --------  -------   ------------
 * Teensy 3.0 & 3.1  21        20         22
 * Teensy 2.0         9        10       (none)
 * Teensy++ 2.0      25         4       26, 27
 * Arduino Uno        9         8         10  <----- Form https://www.pjrc.com/teensy/td_libs_AltSoftSerial.html .... (& other ATMEGA328)
 * Arduino Leonardo   5        13       (none)
 * Arduino Mega      46        48       44, 45
 * Wiring-S           5         6          4
 * Sanguino          13        14         12
 * 
 */

// Enable debug prints to serial monitor
#define MY_DEBUG 

// Enable RS485 transport layer
#define MY_RS485

// Define this to enables DE-pin management on defined pin 
#define MY_RS485_DE_PIN 2

// Set RS485 baud rate to use
#define MY_RS485_BAUD_RATE 9600

// Enable serial gateway
#define MY_GATEWAY_SERIAL

// Flash leds on rx/tx/err
#define MY_LEDS_BLINKING_FEATURE
// Set blinking period
#define MY_DEFAULT_LED_BLINK_PERIOD 300

// Enable inclusion mode
//#define MY_INCLUSION_MODE_FEATURE
// Enable Inclusion mode button on gateway
//#define MY_INCLUSION_BUTTON_FEATURE
// Set inclusion mode duration (in seconds)
//#define MY_INCLUSION_MODE_DURATION 60 
// Digital pin used for inclusion mode button
//#define MY_INCLUSION_MODE_BUTTON_PIN  3 

#define MY_DEFAULT_ERR_LED_PIN 4  // Error led pin
#define MY_DEFAULT_RX_LED_PIN  5  // Receive led pin
#define MY_DEFAULT_TX_LED_PIN  6  // the PCB, on board LED

#include <SPI.h>
#include <MySensor.h>  

void setup() { 
  // Setup locally attached sensors
}

void presentation() {
 // Present locally attached sensors 
}

void loop() { 
  // Send locally attached sensor data here 
}

3) Sensor Arduino Pro mini

• What uses to communicate with RS485 bus ? Hardware RS232 Pin RX /TX or AltSoftSerial Pin 2/7/8 ?
• If use AltSoftSerial: PIN 2/8/9 connected directly without pull-up resistors or current limiting ?
• When uploading have I must turn of debug mode in MyConfig.h when use RS485?

/**
...
// Enable RS485 transport layer
#define MY_RS485

// Define this to enables DE-pin manag ement on defined pin 
#define MY_RS485_DE_PIN 2

// Set RS485 baud rate to use
#define MY_RS485_BAUD_RATE 9600

#include <SPI.h>
#include <MySensor.h>
#include <DHT.h>  

#define MY_NODE_ID 15
#define CHILD_ID_HUM 0
#define CHILD_ID_TEMP 1
#define HUMIDITY_SENSOR_DIGITAL_PIN 3
unsigned long SLEEP_TIME = 2000; // Sleep time between reads (in milliseconds)

// Initialize sensors
DHT dht;
float lastTemp;
float lastHum;
boolean metric = true; 
MyMessage msgHum(CHILD_ID_HUM, V_HUM);
MyMessage msgTemp(CHILD_ID_TEMP, V_TEMP);

// Debug
//#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
//SoftwareSerial mySerial(3, 4); // RX, TX

void setup()  
{    
  //mySerial.begin(4800);
  //mySerial.println("Hello, world?");  
  dht.setup(HUMIDITY_SENSOR_DIGITAL_PIN); 
  metric = getConfig().isMetric;  
}


void presentation()  { 
  // Send the Sketch Version Information to the Gateway
  sendSketchInfo("Falskiego LED salon", "1.0");

  // Register all sensors to gw (they will be created as child devices)
  present(CHILD_ID_HUM, S_HUM);
  present(CHILD_ID_TEMP, S_TEMP);
}


void loop()     
{     
  delay(dht.getMinimumSamplingPeriod());
 
  // Fetch temperatures from DHT sensor
  float temperature = dht.getTemperature();
  if (isnan(temperature)) {
      Serial.println("Failed reading temperature from DHT");
  } else if (temperature != lastTemp) {
    lastTemp = temperature;
    if (!metric) {
      temperature = dht.toFahrenheit(temperature);
    }
    send(msgTemp.set(temperature, 1));
    #ifdef MY_DEBUG
    Serial.print("T: ");
    Serial.println(temperature);
    #endif
  }
  
  // Fetch humidity from DHT sensor
  float humidity = dht.getHumidity();
  if (isnan(humidity)) {
      Serial.println("Failed reading humidity from DHT");
  } else if (humidity != lastHum) {
      lastHum = humidity;
      send(msgHum.set(humidity, 1));
      #ifdef MY_DEBUG
      Serial.print("H: ");
      Serial.println(humidity);
      #endif
  }
  
  sleep(SLEEP_TIME); //sleep a bit
}

[pjr]

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