RS485/RS232/Serial transport class for mysensors.org

[pjr]

I think those instructions are written for older version of the library. Now you could just copy those examples and try without changing anything.... I think ;)

[radekzm]

In the examples, there is no information on how to disable the radio NRF24 and enable RS485, this is my main problem.

MySensors still try init Radio NRF, because no radio connected in sending "radio init fail"

Renovate the house and so I want to use it:
Raspberry Pi (Domoticz) <--- USB ---> MySensor Gateway RS485 <--- RS485 (Cat5e) ---> MySensors Sensors & Actuators (x 20)

Will show photos when I finish.

[hek]

@radekzm said:

In the examples, there is no information on how to disable the radio NRF24 and enable RS485, this is my main problem.

It is this line that activates the RS485 transport (also note that no radio is activated).
https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/blob/development/libraries/MySensors/examples/GatewaySerialRS485/GatewaySerialRS485.ino#L56

I haven't had the opportunity to test this thoroughly. So there might be issues.

[radekzm]

I think that constat value:

#define MY_RS485

https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/blob/development/libraries/MySensors/examples/GatewaySerialRS485/GatewaySerialRS485.ino#L56

It is doing nothing and changes nothing. This constat value is only on exmaple sketch. It is not a reference to the constat value in the library MySensros and mysensors-serial-transport.

Searching 1628 files for "MY_RS485"
0 matches

??? I still do not know how to use the RS485 instead of NRF24 ???

[hek]

What do you mean?

If surely affects things here:
https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/blob/development/libraries/MySensors/MySensor.h#L237-L268

[radekzm]

That's exactly what I looking for !. In my version of the library that are missing.
In my version of the library that (supports RS485) are missing.
I downloaded the Library https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/archive/master.zip this is my problem.
Should I download from https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/tree/development/libraries/MySensors.

The last question: Do I have just these two files download and replace from second url and that all ?

[hek]

You'll have to download replace everything in MySensors library folder.

[LeoDesigner]

@radekzm said:

HELP: Please instructions on how I can run this RS485 transport class for beginners.

You have to use a stable 1.5.2 version for my RS485 transport class. Not a development branch. You also may want to try development version too. The instruction was written for 1.5 (1.5.2) version of mysensors libs.

Some basic questions:

1. First point instructions: File "SerialTransport.h" and "SerialTransport.cpp" download to C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\libraries\MySensors[here]. is this correct ?

...\Arduino\libraries\SerialTransport\ [HERE]

2. On the second point instructions: "Add #include <SerialTransport.h> to your .ino sketch" but examples do not have this:
   https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/tree/development/libraries/MySensors/examples/MotionSensorRS485
   https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/tree/development/libraries/MySensors/examples/GatewaySerialRS485
   way ?

They are for development version - not for stable 1.5.2

In what file i must put this line "#include <SerialTransport.h>" ? main sketch ?
Yes.

3. The third point instructions: Replace transport class with: "Replace transport class with: " where exactly ? Maybe I have a different version MySensors because I can not find the declaration "#define MY_RADIO_RF24" and replace it with a "#define MY_RS485". I do not know how to change the NRF to RS485 in lib MySensors. Please precise instructions with examples for the current version lib MySensors.

Please check examples for version 1.5 (1.5.2)

4. Can I get examples of sketch (confirmed that work with the physical bus RS485) Gateway and sensor.

/*
* MockMySensors 485
*
* This skecth is intended to crate fake sensors which register and respond to the controller
* 
* Barduino 2015
*/

#include <MySigningNone.h>
//#include <MyTransportRFM69.h>
//#include <MyTransportNRF24.h>
#include <MyHwATMega328.h>
#include <MySigningAtsha204Soft.h>
#include <MySigningAtsha204.h>

#include <SPI.h>
#include <MySensor.h>  
#include <MyMessage.h>

#include <SerialTransport.h>


#define RADIO_ERROR_LED_PIN 9  // Error led pin
#define RADIO_RX_LED_PIN    8  // Receive led pin
#define RADIO_TX_LED_PIN    7  // the PCB, on board LED


// Wait times
#define LONG_WAIT 500
#define SHORT_WAIT 50

#define SKETCH_NAME "FakeMySensors 485 241"
#define SKETCH_VERSION "v0.2"

// Global Vars
// unsigned long SLEEP_TIME = 60000; // Sleep time between reads (in milliseconds)
unsigned long SLEEP_TIME = 3000; // Sleep time between reads (in milliseconds)

boolean metric = true;
long randNumber;

// Instanciate MySersors Gateway
//MyTransportNRF24 transport(RF24_CE_PIN, RF24_CS_PIN, RF24_PA_LEVEL_GW);
//MyTransportRFM69 transport;
MyTransportSerial transport(Serial,241,6); // serial port, node, dePin (-1 disabled)


// Message signing driver (signer needed if MY_SIGNING_FEATURE is turned on in MyConfig.h)
//MySigningNone signer;
//MySigningAtsha204Soft signer;
//MySigningAtsha204 signer;

// Hardware profile 
MyHwATMega328 hw;

// Construct MySensors library (signer needed if MY_SIGNING_FEATURE is turned on in MyConfig.h)
// To use LEDs blinking, uncomment WITH_LEDS_BLINKING in MyConfig.h
#ifdef WITH_LEDS_BLINKING
MySensor gw(transport, hw /*, signer*/, RADIO_RX_LED_PIN, RADIO_TX_LED_PIN, RADIO_ERROR_LED_PIN);
#else
MySensor gw(transport, hw /*, signer*/);
#endif

//Instanciate Messages objects

#ifdef ID_S_DOOR
  MyMessage msg_S_DOOR(ID_S_DOOR,V_TRIPPED);
#endif


......
......

I use Windows, path of arduino lib is: C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\libraries.

You have to decide which version of the library to use.
My SerialTransport is written only for version 1.5.2
It's tested and working. BTW, I will upload updated version in a few minutes to github.

[radekzm]

I still have a few questions:

Use: https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/tree/development/libraries/MySensors.

1) Architecture: Do I understand correctly, example test:
raspberry pi domoticz [USB] <---- USB RS232 built-in Arduino nano ----> (hardware RS232, PIN: tx/rx) Arduino Nano (Gatwey RS485) (AltSoftSerial, PIN: 2,7,8) <---- RS485 AltSoftSerial ----> (AltSoftSerial, PIN: 2,7,8) Arduino Pro Mini <------ PIN 3, DHT22

2) Gatwey RS485 Arduino Nano:

• USB port of the Arduino Nano plugs in to Raspberry PI and set MySensors USB gateway in Domoticz ?
• Gatwaey to communicate with RS485 uses AltSoftSerial ? Whta PIN ? R0 / DI ?
• Gatwey Arduino Nano to communicate with Raspberry PI (Domoticz) use hardware USB (built in RS232) ?
• Gatweway don't have Debug mode (no free RS) ? When uploading have I must turn of debug mode in MyConfig.h when use RS485?
• DE PIN 2 ?
• RO PIN 8 ?
• DI PIN 9 ?
• PIN 2/8/9 connected directly without pull-up resistors or current limiting ?

  /**
...
 * The gateway uses AltSoftSerial to handle two serial links 
 * on one Arduino. Use the following pins for RS485 link
 * 
 *  Board          Transmit  Receive   PWM Unusable
 * -----          --------  -------   ------------
 * Teensy 3.0 & 3.1  21        20         22
 * Teensy 2.0         9        10       (none)
 * Teensy++ 2.0      25         4       26, 27
 * Arduino Uno        9         8         10  <----- Form https://www.pjrc.com/teensy/td_libs_AltSoftSerial.html .... (& other ATMEGA328)
 * Arduino Leonardo   5        13       (none)
 * Arduino Mega      46        48       44, 45
 * Wiring-S           5         6          4
 * Sanguino          13        14         12
 * 
 */

// Enable debug prints to serial monitor
#define MY_DEBUG 

// Enable RS485 transport layer
#define MY_RS485

// Define this to enables DE-pin management on defined pin 
#define MY_RS485_DE_PIN 2

// Set RS485 baud rate to use
#define MY_RS485_BAUD_RATE 9600

// Enable serial gateway
#define MY_GATEWAY_SERIAL

// Flash leds on rx/tx/err
#define MY_LEDS_BLINKING_FEATURE
// Set blinking period
#define MY_DEFAULT_LED_BLINK_PERIOD 300

// Enable inclusion mode
//#define MY_INCLUSION_MODE_FEATURE
// Enable Inclusion mode button on gateway
//#define MY_INCLUSION_BUTTON_FEATURE
// Set inclusion mode duration (in seconds)
//#define MY_INCLUSION_MODE_DURATION 60 
// Digital pin used for inclusion mode button
//#define MY_INCLUSION_MODE_BUTTON_PIN  3 

#define MY_DEFAULT_ERR_LED_PIN 4  // Error led pin
#define MY_DEFAULT_RX_LED_PIN  5  // Receive led pin
#define MY_DEFAULT_TX_LED_PIN  6  // the PCB, on board LED

#include <SPI.h>
#include <MySensor.h>  

void setup() { 
  // Setup locally attached sensors
}

void presentation() {
 // Present locally attached sensors 
}

void loop() { 
  // Send locally attached sensor data here 
}

3) Sensor Arduino Pro mini

• What uses to communicate with RS485 bus ? Hardware RS232 Pin RX /TX or AltSoftSerial Pin 2/7/8 ?
• If use AltSoftSerial: PIN 2/8/9 connected directly without pull-up resistors or current limiting ?
• When uploading have I must turn of debug mode in MyConfig.h when use RS485?

/**
...
// Enable RS485 transport layer
#define MY_RS485

// Define this to enables DE-pin manag ement on defined pin 
#define MY_RS485_DE_PIN 2

// Set RS485 baud rate to use
#define MY_RS485_BAUD_RATE 9600

#include <SPI.h>
#include <MySensor.h>
#include <DHT.h>  

#define MY_NODE_ID 15
#define CHILD_ID_HUM 0
#define CHILD_ID_TEMP 1
#define HUMIDITY_SENSOR_DIGITAL_PIN 3
unsigned long SLEEP_TIME = 2000; // Sleep time between reads (in milliseconds)

// Initialize sensors
DHT dht;
float lastTemp;
float lastHum;
boolean metric = true; 
MyMessage msgHum(CHILD_ID_HUM, V_HUM);
MyMessage msgTemp(CHILD_ID_TEMP, V_TEMP);

// Debug
//#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
//SoftwareSerial mySerial(3, 4); // RX, TX

void setup()  
{    
  //mySerial.begin(4800);
  //mySerial.println("Hello, world?");  
  dht.setup(HUMIDITY_SENSOR_DIGITAL_PIN); 
  metric = getConfig().isMetric;  
}


void presentation()  { 
  // Send the Sketch Version Information to the Gateway
  sendSketchInfo("Falskiego LED salon", "1.0");

  // Register all sensors to gw (they will be created as child devices)
  present(CHILD_ID_HUM, S_HUM);
  present(CHILD_ID_TEMP, S_TEMP);
}


void loop()     
{     
  delay(dht.getMinimumSamplingPeriod());
 
  // Fetch temperatures from DHT sensor
  float temperature = dht.getTemperature();
  if (isnan(temperature)) {
      Serial.println("Failed reading temperature from DHT");
  } else if (temperature != lastTemp) {
    lastTemp = temperature;
    if (!metric) {
      temperature = dht.toFahrenheit(temperature);
    }
    send(msgTemp.set(temperature, 1));
    #ifdef MY_DEBUG
    Serial.print("T: ");
    Serial.println(temperature);
    #endif
  }
  
  // Fetch humidity from DHT sensor
  float humidity = dht.getHumidity();
  if (isnan(humidity)) {
      Serial.println("Failed reading humidity from DHT");
  } else if (humidity != lastHum) {
      lastHum = humidity;
      send(msgHum.set(humidity, 1));
      #ifdef MY_DEBUG
      Serial.print("H: ");
      Serial.println(humidity);
      #endif
  }
  
  sleep(SLEEP_TIME); //sleep a bit
}

[pjr]

This post is deleted!

[radekzm]

I made a test: did the system sends data from the sensor DHT22 to the rail 485 using only library AltSoftSerial and everything works properly. So the connection is ok.
I used the same libraries:

#include <AltSoftSerial.h>

The same connections:
http://cmss.pl/arduino/MySensor_RS485_test02_a.JPG

A ) RS485 Gatwaey (arduino nano):
http://cmss.pl/arduino/MySensor_RS485_test02_b.JPG

#define MY_RS485_DE_PIN 2

DE and RE -> Pin 2
RO -> Pin 8
DI -> Pin 9
Uploaded example MySensors Gatwey 485 and own code.

B ) RS485 Sensor DHT22 (arduino nano):
http://cmss.pl/arduino/MySensor_RS485_test02_c.JPG

#define MY_RS485_DE_PIN 2

DE and RE -> Pin 2
RO -> Pin 8
DI -> Pin 9

Unfortunately, nothing works, no reaction, empty on debug console.

Any ideas what could be wrong, what to check ???

[hek]

Sorry to hear, I still haven't verified this so there might be problems.
It's this file that should be of interest:

https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/blob/development/libraries/MySensors/core/MyTransportRS485.cpp

Would be excellent if you had the time to debug it.

[radekzm]

@hek
Ok I will try.

[finezza]

Hi I've tried a couple of months ago with success.
Maybe you have to connect also the GND cable each other.

Bye

[Michal]

Hi,
I have tired similar configuration as radekzm.
2 x Arduino nano connected via RS485 and is looks like only rs485 is not working so my question is; How to verified that connection between to arduinos using library AltSoftSerial is ok ?

Are this connections PIN <-> RS485 (below) OK ?

DE and RE -> Pin 2
RO -> Pin 8
DI -> Pin 9

And below example is working fine (SoftwareSerial.h library)

https://arduino-info.wikispaces.com/SoftwareSerialRS485Example

[radekzm]

@Michal

I'll help when I get back from work.

[elmarculino]

@LeoDesigner
I'm trying a Gateway & 4 relays/4 switches configuration using 1.5.2 version. As @Michal my configuration works fine with this example: https://arduino-info.wikispaces.com/SoftwareSerialRS485Example

Anything wrong with my sketches?

Gateway:

/**
 * The MySensors Arduino library handles the wireless radio link and protocol
 * between your home built sensors/actuators and HA controller of choice.
 * The sensors forms a self healing radio network with optional repeaters. Each
 * repeater and gateway builds a routing tables in EEPROM which keeps track of the
 * network topology allowing messages to be routed to nodes.
 *
 * Created by Henrik Ekblad <henrik.ekblad@mysensors.org>
 * Copyright (C) 2013-2015 Sensnology AB
 * Full contributor list: https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/graphs/contributors
 *
 * Documentation: http://www.mysensors.org
 * Support Forum: http://forum.mysensors.org
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 * version 2 as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 *******************************
 *
 * DESCRIPTION
 * The ArduinoGateway prints data received from sensors on the serial link. 
 * The gateway accepts input on seral which will be sent out on radio network.
 *
 * The GW code is designed for Arduino Nano 328p / 16MHz
 *
 * Wire connections (OPTIONAL):
 * - Inclusion button should be connected between digital pin 3 and GND  
 * - RX/TX/ERR leds need to be connected between +5V (anode) and digital pin 6/5/4 with resistor 270-330R in a series
 *
 * LEDs (OPTIONAL):
 * - To use the feature, uncomment WITH_LEDS_BLINKING in MyConfig.h
 * - RX (green) - blink fast on radio message recieved. In inclusion mode will blink fast only on presentation recieved
 * - TX (yellow) - blink fast on radio message transmitted. In inclusion mode will blink slowly
 * - ERR (red) - fast blink on error during transmission error or recieve crc error 
 * 
 */

#define NO_PORTB_PINCHANGES  

#include <MySigningNone.h>
#include <MyTransportRFM69.h>
//#include <MyTransportNRF24.h>
//#include <MyHwATMega328.h>
#include <MySigningAtsha204Soft.h>
#include <MySigningAtsha204.h>
#include <SerialTransport.h>

#include <SPI.h>  
#include <MyParserSerial.h>  
#include <MySensor.h>  
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <PinChangeInt.h>
#include "GatewayUtil.h"

#define INCLUSION_MODE_TIME 1 // Number of minutes inclusion mode is enabled
#define INCLUSION_MODE_PIN  3 // Digital pin used for inclusion mode button
#define RADIO_ERROR_LED_PIN 4  // Error led pin
#define RADIO_RX_LED_PIN    6  // Receive led pin
#define RADIO_TX_LED_PIN    5  // the PCB, on board LED

// NRFRF24L01 radio driver (set low transmit power by default) 
//MyTransportNRF24 transport(RF24_CE_PIN, RF24_CS_PIN, RF24_PA_LEVEL_GW);
//MyTransportRFM69 transport;
MyTransportSerial transport(Serial,AUTO,2);

// Message signing driver (signer needed if MY_SIGNING_FEATURE is turned on in MyConfig.h)
//MySigningNone signer;
//MySigningAtsha204Soft signer;
//MySigningAtsha204 signer;

// Hardware profile 
MyHwATMega328 hw;

// Construct MySensors library (signer needed if MY_SIGNING_FEATURE is turned on in MyConfig.h)
// To use LEDs blinking, uncomment WITH_LEDS_BLINKING in MyConfig.h
#ifdef WITH_LEDS_BLINKING
MySensor gw(transport, hw /*, signer*/, RADIO_RX_LED_PIN, RADIO_TX_LED_PIN, RADIO_ERROR_LED_PIN);
#else
MySensor gw(transport, hw /*, signer*/);
#endif

char inputString[MAX_RECEIVE_LENGTH] = "";    // A string to hold incoming commands from serial/ethernet interface
int inputPos = 0;
boolean commandComplete = false;  // whether the string is complete

void parseAndSend(char *commandBuffer);

void output(const char *fmt, ... ) {
   va_list args;
   va_start (args, fmt );
   vsnprintf_P(serialBuffer, MAX_SEND_LENGTH, fmt, args);
   va_end (args);
   Serial.print(serialBuffer);
}

  
void setup()  
{ 
  gw.begin(incomingMessage, 0, true, 0);

  setupGateway(INCLUSION_MODE_PIN, INCLUSION_MODE_TIME, output);

  // Add interrupt for inclusion button to pin
  PCintPort::attachInterrupt(pinInclusion, startInclusionInterrupt, RISING);


  // Send startup log message on serial
  serial(PSTR("0;0;%d;0;%d;Gateway startup complete.\n"),  C_INTERNAL, I_GATEWAY_READY);
}

void loop()  
{ 
  gw.process();

  checkButtonTriggeredInclusion();
  checkInclusionFinished();
  
  if (commandComplete) {
    // A command wass issued from serial interface
    // We will now try to send it to the actuator
    parseAndSend(gw, inputString);
    commandComplete = false;  
    inputPos = 0;
  }
}


/*
  SerialEvent occurs whenever a new data comes in the
 hardware serial RX.  This routine is run between each
 time loop() runs, so using delay inside loop can delay
 response.  Multiple bytes of data may be available.
 */
void serialEvent() {
  while (Serial.available()) {
    // get the new byte:
    char inChar = (char)Serial.read(); 
    // if the incoming character is a newline, set a flag
    // so the main loop can do something about it:
    if (inputPos<MAX_RECEIVE_LENGTH-1 && !commandComplete) { 
      if (inChar == '\n') {
        inputString[inputPos] = 0;
        commandComplete = true;
      } else {
        // add it to the inputString:
        inputString[inputPos] = inChar;
        inputPos++;
      }
    } else {
       // Incoming message too long. Throw away 
        inputPos = 0;
    }
  }
}

4 relays / 4 switches

/*
  State change detection (edge detection)

 Often, you don't need to know the state of a digital input all the time,
 but you just need to know when the input changes from one state to another.
 For example, you want to know when a button goes from OFF to ON.  This is called
 state change detection, or edge detection.

 This example shows how to detect when a button or button changes from off to on
 and on to off.

 The circuit:
 * pushbutton attached to pin 2 from +5V
 * 10K resistor attached to pin 2 from ground
 * LED attached from pin 13 to ground (or use the built-in LED on
   most Arduino boards)

 created  27 Sep 2005
 modified 30 Aug 2011
 by Tom Igoe

This example code is in the public domain.

 http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/ButtonStateChange

 */

#include <MySigningNone.h>
//#include <MyTransportNRF24.h>
//#include <MyTransportRFM69.h>
#include <SerialTransport.h>
#include <MyHwATMega328.h>
#include <MySensor.h>
#include <SPI.h>

// this constant won't change:
int buttonPin[] = {9, 10, 11, 12};          // array of pins that the pushbutton is attached to
int relayPin[] = {3, 4, 5, 6};           // array of pins that the relay is attached to
int pinCount = 4;                  // number of buttons/relays attached

// Variables will change:
int buttonState[] = {0, 0};         // current state of the button
int lastButtonState[] = {0, 0};     // previous state of the button

#define RELAY_ON 1
#define RELAY_OFF 0
int relayState[] = {RELAY_OFF, RELAY_OFF};   // counter for the number of button presses


// NRFRF24L01 radio driver (set low transmit power by default) 
MyTransportSerial transport(Serial,AUTO,2); 
//MyTransportRFM69 radio;
// Message signing driver (none default)
//MySigningNone signer;
// Select AtMega328 hardware profile
MyHwATMega328 hw;
// Construct MySensors library
MySensor gw(transport, hw);

void setup() 
{
  // Initialize library and add callback for incoming messages
  gw.begin(incomingMessage, AUTO, true);
  // Send the sketch version information to the gateway and Controller
  gw.sendSketchInfo("Relays & Buttons", "1.0");
  
  for (int i = 0; i < pinCount; i++) {
    // Register all sensors to gw (they will be created as child devices)
    gw.present(buttonPin[i], S_LIGHT);
    gw.present(relayPin[i], S_LIGHT);
    
    // initialize the button pin as a input:
    pinMode(buttonPin[i], INPUT);
    digitalWrite(buttonPin[i], 0);
    // initialize the relay as an output:
    pinMode(relayPin[i], OUTPUT);
    digitalWrite(relayPin[i], gw.loadState(i)?RELAY_ON:RELAY_OFF);
  }
}


void loop() {
  // Alway process incoming messages whenever possible
  gw.process();
  
  for (int i = 0; i < pinCount; i++) {
    MyMessage msg(relayPin[i], V_LIGHT);
    buttonState[i] = digitalRead(buttonPin[i]);

    if (buttonState[i] != lastButtonState[i]) {
      if (buttonState[i] == 1) {
//         gw.send(msg.set(relayState[i]==RELAY_ON ? RELAY_OFF : RELAY_ON));
//          if(relayState[i]==RELAY_ON) gw.send(msg.set(RELAY_OFF));
//          else                        gw.send(msg.set(RELAY_ON));
          if(relayState[i]==RELAY_ON) relayState[i]=RELAY_OFF;
          else                        relayState[i]=RELAY_ON;
      }
      lastButtonState[i] = buttonState[i];
    }
    digitalWrite(relayPin[i], relayState[i]);
  }
}


void incomingMessage(const MyMessage &message) {
  // We only expect one type of message from controller. But we better check anyway.
  if (message.type==V_LIGHT) {
      for (int i = 0; i < pinCount; i++) {
        // digitalWrite(message.sensor-1+relayPin[1], message.getBool()?RELAY_ON:RELAY_OFF);
      }
   } 
}

[LeoDesigner]

@elmarculino
In Gateway:

#include <MyTransportRFM69.h>
//#include <MyTransportNRF24.h>
//#include <MyHwATMega328.h>
...
MyTransportSerial transport(Serial,AUTO,2);

Should be:

//#include <MyTransportRFM69.h>
//#include <MyTransportNRF24.h>
#include <MyHwATMega328.h>
....
MyTransportSerial transport(Serial,0,2);

In 4relay / 4 switches:
Personally I am assigning a static ID to nodes, so I did not tested an AUTO option in gw.init. However I think this it should work. Also make sure you are downloaded a latest Serial transport class from github with some minor corrections.

[elmarculino]

@LeoDesigner
Thanks for the help. I made the changes you pointed out, but still no lucky. What controller are you using? This should work in a direct crossover connection too?

[LeoDesigner]

@elmarculino
I am using a custom controller based on the node-red, mqtt broker and homeassitant with mqtt bindings. But this is not essential - you can use 'nc GW_IP GW_PORT' from unix command line to issue commands to gateway directly. Try to separate your basic building blocks to smallest parts and then debug it.