RS485/RS232/Serial transport class for mysensors.org

[TimO]

So, I've tried to further invest the problem and there is something wrong with _dev.write() in transportSend(). It is too much C-Kungfu for me but there is something wrong with the conversion of data.

• _dev.write("bla") looks good in terminal
• _dev.write(to) throws trash in the terminal
• Serial.println(to) looks good in terminal

Here is the output of the soft-serial:

#��
�X��z
               �Humidity Sensor�
�X
��
     �1.0
�X��b
�X��
b
�X
                                     ��*�
�����
�X
                                                     ��*�
gfB

�X
                                                                    ��*�
�����
�X
    ��*�
gfB

�X
                   

Another thing:

The management of the DE-Pin is missing right?

[hek]

to is a uint_t...so I guess it could generate trash in the terminal when showing the low ASCII values. Guess you'd have to use some other program to view the bytes sent.

Yes, de-pin was stripped away. Would it be useful in your setup?

(thankful for your help out testing it... I need some more time before I can setup a test rig)

[TimO]

Holy crap ...
It was too obvious.

Gateway can't work with this code:
https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/blob/development/libraries/MySensors/examples/GatewaySerialRS485/GatewaySerialRS485.ino

#define MY_DEFAULT_ERR_LED_PIN 7  // Error led pin
#define MY_DEFAULT_RX_LED_PIN  8  // Receive led pin
#define MY_DEFAULT_TX_LED_PIN  9  // the PCB, on board LED

@hek: Your code works!

The de-pin is set to high if a node wants to send something, otherwise it is set to ground.
I'll try to add that code.

[hek]

@TimO

I Sorry.. should have changed those pin assignments of course... I'll push an update ASAP.

[LeoDesigner]

@hek
I am wondering why did you remove the code responsible for dePin management ?
It's not possible to use MAX485 boards without tx/rx management.

[TimO]

@LeoDesigner : yeah, you're right, that is needed.

But there seems to be another problem, I can't get the current development code to work. I've simply interconnected two Nanos at D8/D9. The gateway and the motion example come up fine according to serial output and the motion sensor definiatly sends something via AltSerial but the gateway doesn't seem to recognize it.

A simple test, where I pipe the input on hardware serial of one nano to AltSerial on the second nano and from there to hardware serial works just fine, so hardware and AltSerial is working.

Sender:

#include <AltSoftSerial.h>

AltSoftSerial altSerial;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  Serial.println("Demo begins");

  altSerial.begin(115200);

}

void loop() {
  char c;

  if (Serial.available()) {
    c = Serial.read();
    altSerial.print(c);
  }

}

Receiver:

#include <AltSoftSerial.h>

AltSoftSerial altSerial;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  Serial.println("Demo begins");

  altSerial.begin(115200);

}

void loop() {
  char c;

  if (altSerial.available()) {
    c = altSerial.read();
    Serial.print(c);
  }

}

[hek]

Added DE-pin management

https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/pull/266

[shabba]

I am very interested in doing this as I have many sensors local to my gateway. I use domoticz and see from http://www.domoticz.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=8018 that people are doing this. I was just wondering would this do as a USB adaptor? Seems very cheap :

http://www.aliexpress.com/item/1-pcs-USB-to-RS485-USB-485-Converter-Adapter-Support-Win7-XP-Vista-Linux-for-Mac/1684582905.html?spm=2114.031010208.3.1.hHoz94&ws_ab_test=searchweb201556_10_79_78_77_80_61,searchweb201644_0,searchweb201560_9

Also was looking at :
http://www.aliexpress.com/item/FREE-SHIPPING-5PCS-LOT-MAX485-module-RS485-module-TTL-turn-RS-485-module-MCU-development-accessories/1718665649.html

Appreciate any feedback.

Thanks.

[MarkV]

@LeoDesigner

I'm searching for a usb transport class, could i use this??

I'd like to connect my arduino (with sensors/actuators connected to it) to my rasberrypi through usb, without the wireless part, but still see them as mysensors sensors.

Is this possible or could someone make a transport class for it???

[LeoDesigner]

@MarkV
Regarding the USB to RS485 adapters:
I think they are using a some kind of serial to USB chip like CH340/341. So your RPi will be able to see RS485 bus as the regular serial port. It may work. It worth trying, you can always build an Ethernet GW later in other case.

@shabba
I am using exactly the same MAX485 modules. It is much more reliable media comparing to radio communication.

@hek
Thanks for adding DE pin management code.

[scalz]

hi.

I am not sure if it can be useful.. I have read this note recently, about rs485 powering chip (3.3v or 5v). And I found this interesting, for knowledge..
https://e2e.ti.com/support/interface/industrial_interface/f/142/t/93260
So what I understand here, and it makes sense, is that : even if some rs485 chips are able to be powered with 3.3v or 5v, if you want to power it with 3.3v, it can work of course with a 5v chip, but it is better to use a true 3.3v chip only. Because they are more sensitive to be rs485 compliant (better internal transistor).

Always good to know

[anti]

@TimO I cloned the current development branch, and tried to use a modified motion sketch, and a gateway sketch, simply interconnecting two mini-pros with TTL serial : the same problem appears.

I can only see garbage sent on the AltSerial pins, so the gateway don't see the message.

Before I dig more and start debugging, did anybody made progress on that problem ?

[TimO]

@anti: I'm glad, I'm not the only one!
I've tried to find the problem, but had no luck.

What is bugging me: it was working with a early version, before it was merged into development, but I don't see any changes.

I've not tested the latest / current version though.

[andriej]

Hi!

Glad to see 'wired' version of MySensor protocol coming.
One question - how long wires and how many sensors on one pair/multiple pairs will be supported?

I'm thinking about cabling for new home, which means many meters of cable to every sensor/door/actuator/ligth/meter etc.

In best scenario - one cat5e - one termination (sensor/node/etc.)
Currently I'm looking for a cabled version of protocol to support it and be 101% stable (no hiccups and freezes over the protocol), so I can rely on my home.

MySensors seems to be great to implement, but I'm worried about the signal... I was thinking about letting something around 12-24-30V thru one pair of Cat5 to power all nodes from one power-source (with backup batteries).

Or - are there any better alternatives for RS485, that doesn't need resistors, have no limitations of 32 devices etc?

[LeoDesigner]

@andriej
According to: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RS-485
"It offers data transmission speeds of 35 Mbit/s up to 10 m and 100 kbit/s at 1200 m. "
also check this: https://www.maximintegrated.com/en/app-notes/index.mvp/id/367
You may design a bus with up to 256 nodes.
CAT5 is the best choice anyway for any type of communication (I mean you can run regular Ethernet on them too).
Check the video at the beginning of the post. It's a working example of two remote nodes connected only with one CAT5 cable over 50m. They are working at 115200 - however speed might be up to 1 Mbit/s.

[andriej]

@LeoDesigner but how would I connect all sensors in house and relays too?
SOme resistors needed? Star topology? Few gateways?

[LeoDesigner]

@andriej
The star topology could be a problem. However for low speed nodes this may work anyway.
You may need something like RS485 hub or a GW with many RS485 bus ports.
Or just a separate MAX485 board for each node. You need to test it.

[anti]

@TimO Well... it turns out that the garbage seen on the wire was not garbage, just the binary serial protocol. And the node was desperately attempting to find a parent, with no success.

FYI this is how I workaround it. But I did not feel like I could fix it for 100% sure.

The gateway ignored the broadcasts from the node. The following code in MyTransportRS485 triggered for probably wrong reasons (sender=0; nodeid=0;station=broadcast) :

               if ((_recSender == _nodeId) ||
                  (_recStation != _nodeId &&
                   _recStation != BROADCAST_ADDRESS)) {
                          _dev.print(" wrongid: ");

Since the gateway was not responding correctly to the node broadcasts, I solved the serial communication problem between node and gateway by defining a fixed node Id :

#define MY_NODE_ID 10

(ps: the MySensors version used was cloned from git today)

[anti]

Replying to myself... Of course the "Controller" MUST be properly connected
for dynamic nodes IDs to function properly, since it's the controller's job to affect the node ids.

This explains a part of my original problem.

[kimot]

I think, that CAN transceiver chip is better then RS485 transceiver chip.
Then we dont need direction setting pin and bus state is better determined, becose CAn bus is prepered for bus collisions, RS485 not.
I mean only CAN bus transceiver, not CAN controller ! For example MCP2551 or MCP2562.
And we can use normal serial library.

[andriej]

@kimot what would be the CAN topology needed?
Does it support star topology? Im looking for a in-home bus over cat5e in walls...

Regards

[LeoDesigner]

@kimot
Just a quick look
http://www.aliexpress.com/item/MCP2551-High-Speed-CAN-Communicate-Protocol-Controller-Bus-Interface-Module/32472004400.html?spm=2114.031010208.3.27.bEv7Im&ws_ab_test=searchweb201556_1,searchweb201644_3_79_78_77_82_80_62_81,searchweb201560_1,searchweb1451318400_6148
They are five times more expensive.
But it might be another option for wired network too.
@andrej it is still a line not a star topology.

[andriej]

Ok so if it's line-wire, then maybe I could wire all cat5e's to one patch-panel, terminate them there and from the patchpanel I could daisy-chain them on one magistral connection and also feed the 12/24V on one pair (i.e. orange/white orange) and data (i.e. blue/white blue).

How do you guys think it would work for cables in-home in-wall?
I guess the power feed would work ok (even including the voltage drop) but what about the RS485/CAN length?
I plan to run cat5 to every switch.

Still can't decide if I should connect on-wall switches straight to Arduino (to control relays further) or to use small arduinos inside every wall switch to better control sensors there (temperature on wall) and possibility to program every switch differently. The idea is to get every wire to basement anyway.

[kimot]

@andriej
RS485 was not designet for multimaster communication, where 2 devices can communicate on the bus at same time. RS485 bus state at this time is not defined. For example if node on RS485 on one end of bus sends message end perform "control" lisening on bus if recieve the same message( what is with correct circuit of RS485 transsiever immposible ), then this received message can be the same. But if in the same time another node on oposite end of bus sends different message, then node on the middle of bus recieves something random.
But CAN bus has allways defined state. It has dominate state and recesive state, so node witch send dominate bit cannot be pushed yb node witch at the same time sends recesive bit. I now, thet this feature we cannot use with normal serial communication, but still we can controll correct sending of datagram by lisening bus by sender. If we recieve the same message what we send, there is 100% shure, that the same message lisens every node on CAN bus. On RS485 this is not garanted. Bus topology is the same end we dont need "dePin". So we can use normal serial library. And CAN transciever is not so expensive as wrote LeoDesigner. Look here:

http://www.ebay.com/itm/10PCS-MCP2551-I-SN-IC-TRANSCEIVER-CAN-HI-SPD-8-SOIC-NEW-/171541737564?hash=item27f0af305c:g:nbQAAOSwIBBUZU~k

And sorry for my english

[andriej]

@kimot Thank you for the information - your english is good enough to understand.

I'm just looking for more simple protocol than ethernet to send data from various places - wired.
And it seems that, for longer distance and cat5e cable in-wall, ethernet is the only choice

[LeoDesigner]

@andriej
Just put CAT5e to every place (or even two CAT5e to each TV, room - as I done myself). Later you will decide what kind of signals will travel over CAT5e wire. It can be Ethernet or RS485, CANbus, or something else. Regular twisted pair Ethernet is also has a star topology with central hub/switch. (You may also remember an old Ethernet system with one base cable and terminating resistors on the both ends). For a really long distance - RS485 is the winner anyway - up to 1200m on slow speed.

[andriej]

@LeoDesigner I will put cat5e for 'LAN' purposes to proper socket, but I also want to control my lights not via connecting/disconnecting 230V in-wall, but in central control panel.
I was planning to use doorbell push buttons on walls just to give signal to automation and then MCU will set proper relays/dimmers on/off etc.

That's why I was thinking about putting cat5e also to on-wall switches, then on 1 pair make the +/-12V signal, another pair for data bus etc. And now I'm looking for most efficient way to connect it everything together.
Each room will have temperature sensor for sure (in the switch), some may have dimmers etc. Last idea was to put mini arduinos inside the hole in wall, but I'm afraid of resetting them every once in a while, just because arduino likes to hang itself...

[pjr]

@andriej remember to calculate how much current you can take thru cat5e and how much load there can be with one pair.
From wikipedia: "Maximum current per conductor 0.577A". So this would make P=UxI -> 12Vx0.577A=6.92W. There is calculations where one nano can take max 1.4Watts. You could use more wires of the car5e for power or lift voltage upper. 48Vx0.577A=27.70W

[andriej]

@pjr I'm aware of that
Still struggling with decision either to use the CAT5e just as a loooong cable to (doorbell) switch or use it to PoE small nanos all over the place and run i.e. MQTT on each wall-switch separate.
In second option the RS485 protocol would be the best, because of small form factor (smaller than ethernet port inside switch) and possibility to use MySensors too

[andriej]

@kimot what has to be done to prepare MySensors to use CAN?
I'm thinking about ordering some modules for tests.

[TimO]

@andriej said:

use it to PoE small nanos all over the place

Which components do you have in mind? I 'm thinking in that direction too.

[andriej]

@TimO this small W5100 module: http://www.aliexpress.com/item/TOP-Mini-W5100-LAN-Ethernet-Shield-Network-Module-board-Best/32457200047.html with step-down dc converter.
Cheaper than the PoE standard version.

[kimot]

@andriej
It is a pity that not paying more attention mysensors.org for nodes interconnected by wires. But it is very difficult to find peer-to-peer protocol for RS485. Mainly because of solving collisions on the bus when multiple sensors. But it is very difficult to find peer-to-peer protocol for RS485. Mainly because of solving collisions on the bus when multiple sensors. I think that used ICSC library does not address this matter satisfactorily and with a larger number of sensor problems arise. ICSC library uses a Serial Software library by heavyweight each node on the bus, because all must be checke every bit transmitted on the bus. Look at different implementation:

www.mrbus.org

I think, thet using hardware UART is absolutely necessary.
Or why when we use a separate module for radio transmission, we use the special module for robust message transfer over the wired bus? CAN controllers are not so expensive in this days:

http://www.ebay.com/itm/MCP2515-CAN-Bus-Module-Board-TJA1050-receiver-SPI-For-51-MCU-ARM-controller-M2-/381500570180?hash=item58d334ba44:g:OhcAAOSw3KFWfANk

After correct CAN controller configuration, we simply write a message to the CAN controller and forgot about it. No check or bus arbitration. And through interrupt pin from the controller just pick up the incoming message with our ID or broadcast.

I know it's not as simple as using only RS485 transmitter itself, but we are guaranteed connecting maximum of 110 nodes and various libraries for Arduino for this CAN controller exist.

[kimot]

@andriej
But on the other side, with simply CANbus, we have got only 8 byte payload for our data.

[andriej]

@kimot so the only thing that's left is TCP/IP and MQTT...

[LeoDesigner]

@kimot
Thanks for pointing to mrbus.org.
I have seen this before - it's really nice implementation of RS485 bus management.
It's worth trying to implement it. However, I can see only one weak point of ICSC lib. It's a moment when both nodes listening a bus and starting to transmit at the same time. In this case the both packets will be lost. (This situation can occur only during the transmission of the first starting byte, so higher bus speed can make this situation rare.)
I have both the radio and wired mysensors network. And wired network in order of magnitude is more reliable. I have a really small amount of lost packets. The packets are retransmitted only due delay in the code of the nodes.

[radekzm]

HELP: Please instructions on how I can run this RS485 transport class for beginners.

Some basic questions:

1. First point instructions: File "SerialTransport.h" and "SerialTransport.cpp" download to C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\libraries\MySensors[here]. is this correct ?
2. On the second point instructions: "Add #include <SerialTransport.h> to your .ino sketch" but examples do not have this:
   https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/tree/development/libraries/MySensors/examples/MotionSensorRS485
   https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/tree/development/libraries/MySensors/examples/GatewaySerialRS485
   way ?
   In what file i must put this line "#include <SerialTransport.h>" ? main sketch ?
3. The third point instructions: Replace transport class with: "Replace transport class with: " where exactly ? Maybe I have a different version MySensors because I can not find the declaration "#define MY_RADIO_RF24" and replace it with a "#define MY_RS485". I do not know how to change the NRF to RS485 in lib MySensors. Please precise instructions with examples for the current version lib MySensors.
4. Can I get examples of sketch (confirmed that work with the physical bus RS485) Gateway and sensor.

I use Windows, path of arduino lib is: C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\libraries.

The only thing that works:
When I connect RS485 to USB on Raspberry Pi (domoticz) and on the other side sensor (Arduino Pro Mini + DHT22) received on Raspberry:

radek@raspberrypi $ cat /dev/ttyUSB0
radi init fail

It sent the sensor by the RS485 to Rasberry PI. So the RS485 is working properly.

Sorry for my English and thank you for your help.

[pjr]

I think those instructions are written for older version of the library. Now you could just copy those examples and try without changing anything.... I think

[radekzm]

In the examples, there is no information on how to disable the radio NRF24 and enable RS485, this is my main problem.

MySensors still try init Radio NRF, because no radio connected in sending "radio init fail"

Renovate the house and so I want to use it:
Raspberry Pi (Domoticz) <--- USB ---> MySensor Gateway RS485 <--- RS485 (Cat5e) ---> MySensors Sensors & Actuators (x 20)

Will show photos when I finish.

[hek]

@radekzm said:

In the examples, there is no information on how to disable the radio NRF24 and enable RS485, this is my main problem.

It is this line that activates the RS485 transport (also note that no radio is activated).
https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/blob/development/libraries/MySensors/examples/GatewaySerialRS485/GatewaySerialRS485.ino#L56

I haven't had the opportunity to test this thoroughly. So there might be issues.

[radekzm]

I think that constat value:

#define MY_RS485

https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/blob/development/libraries/MySensors/examples/GatewaySerialRS485/GatewaySerialRS485.ino#L56

It is doing nothing and changes nothing. This constat value is only on exmaple sketch. It is not a reference to the constat value in the library MySensros and mysensors-serial-transport.

Searching 1628 files for "MY_RS485"
0 matches

??? I still do not know how to use the RS485 instead of NRF24 ???

[hek]

What do you mean?

If surely affects things here:
https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/blob/development/libraries/MySensors/MySensor.h#L237-L268

[radekzm]

That's exactly what I looking for !. In my version of the library that are missing.
In my version of the library that (supports RS485) are missing.
I downloaded the Library https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/archive/master.zip this is my problem.
Should I download from https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/tree/development/libraries/MySensors.

The last question: Do I have just these two files download and replace from second url and that all ?

[hek]

You'll have to download replace everything in MySensors library folder.

[LeoDesigner]

@radekzm said:

HELP: Please instructions on how I can run this RS485 transport class for beginners.

You have to use a stable 1.5.2 version for my RS485 transport class. Not a development branch. You also may want to try development version too. The instruction was written for 1.5 (1.5.2) version of mysensors libs.

Some basic questions:

1. First point instructions: File "SerialTransport.h" and "SerialTransport.cpp" download to C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\libraries\MySensors[here]. is this correct ?

...\Arduino\libraries\SerialTransport\ [HERE]

1. On the second point instructions: "Add #include <SerialTransport.h> to your .ino sketch" but examples do not have this:
   https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/tree/development/libraries/MySensors/examples/MotionSensorRS485
   https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/tree/development/libraries/MySensors/examples/GatewaySerialRS485
   way ?

They are for development version - not for stable 1.5.2

In what file i must put this line "#include <SerialTransport.h>" ? main sketch ?
Yes.

1. The third point instructions: Replace transport class with: "Replace transport class with: " where exactly ? Maybe I have a different version MySensors because I can not find the declaration "#define MY_RADIO_RF24" and replace it with a "#define MY_RS485". I do not know how to change the NRF to RS485 in lib MySensors. Please precise instructions with examples for the current version lib MySensors.

Please check examples for version 1.5 (1.5.2)

1. Can I get examples of sketch (confirmed that work with the physical bus RS485) Gateway and sensor.

/*
* MockMySensors 485
*
* This skecth is intended to crate fake sensors which register and respond to the controller
* 
* Barduino 2015
*/

#include <MySigningNone.h>
//#include <MyTransportRFM69.h>
//#include <MyTransportNRF24.h>
#include <MyHwATMega328.h>
#include <MySigningAtsha204Soft.h>
#include <MySigningAtsha204.h>

#include <SPI.h>
#include <MySensor.h>  
#include <MyMessage.h>

#include <SerialTransport.h>


#define RADIO_ERROR_LED_PIN 9  // Error led pin
#define RADIO_RX_LED_PIN    8  // Receive led pin
#define RADIO_TX_LED_PIN    7  // the PCB, on board LED


// Wait times
#define LONG_WAIT 500
#define SHORT_WAIT 50

#define SKETCH_NAME "FakeMySensors 485 241"
#define SKETCH_VERSION "v0.2"

// Global Vars
// unsigned long SLEEP_TIME = 60000; // Sleep time between reads (in milliseconds)
unsigned long SLEEP_TIME = 3000; // Sleep time between reads (in milliseconds)

boolean metric = true;
long randNumber;

// Instanciate MySersors Gateway
//MyTransportNRF24 transport(RF24_CE_PIN, RF24_CS_PIN, RF24_PA_LEVEL_GW);
//MyTransportRFM69 transport;
MyTransportSerial transport(Serial,241,6); // serial port, node, dePin (-1 disabled)


// Message signing driver (signer needed if MY_SIGNING_FEATURE is turned on in MyConfig.h)
//MySigningNone signer;
//MySigningAtsha204Soft signer;
//MySigningAtsha204 signer;

// Hardware profile 
MyHwATMega328 hw;

// Construct MySensors library (signer needed if MY_SIGNING_FEATURE is turned on in MyConfig.h)
// To use LEDs blinking, uncomment WITH_LEDS_BLINKING in MyConfig.h
#ifdef WITH_LEDS_BLINKING
MySensor gw(transport, hw /*, signer*/, RADIO_RX_LED_PIN, RADIO_TX_LED_PIN, RADIO_ERROR_LED_PIN);
#else
MySensor gw(transport, hw /*, signer*/);
#endif

//Instanciate Messages objects

#ifdef ID_S_DOOR
  MyMessage msg_S_DOOR(ID_S_DOOR,V_TRIPPED);
#endif


......
......

I use Windows, path of arduino lib is: C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\libraries.

You have to decide which version of the library to use.
My SerialTransport is written only for version 1.5.2
It's tested and working. BTW, I will upload updated version in a few minutes to github.

[radekzm]

I still have a few questions:

Use: https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/tree/development/libraries/MySensors.

1) Architecture: Do I understand correctly, example test:
raspberry pi domoticz [USB] <---- USB RS232 built-in Arduino nano ----> (hardware RS232, PIN: tx/rx) Arduino Nano (Gatwey RS485) (AltSoftSerial, PIN: 2,7,8) <---- RS485 AltSoftSerial ----> (AltSoftSerial, PIN: 2,7,8) Arduino Pro Mini <------ PIN 3, DHT22

2) Gatwey RS485 Arduino Nano:

• USB port of the Arduino Nano plugs in to Raspberry PI and set MySensors USB gateway in Domoticz ?
• Gatwaey to communicate with RS485 uses AltSoftSerial ? Whta PIN ? R0 / DI ?
• Gatwey Arduino Nano to communicate with Raspberry PI (Domoticz) use hardware USB (built in RS232) ?
• Gatweway don't have Debug mode (no free RS) ? When uploading have I must turn of debug mode in MyConfig.h when use RS485?
• DE PIN 2 ?
• RO PIN 8 ?
• DI PIN 9 ?
• PIN 2/8/9 connected directly without pull-up resistors or current limiting ?

  /**
...
 * The gateway uses AltSoftSerial to handle two serial links 
 * on one Arduino. Use the following pins for RS485 link
 * 
 *  Board          Transmit  Receive   PWM Unusable
 * -----          --------  -------   ------------
 * Teensy 3.0 & 3.1  21        20         22
 * Teensy 2.0         9        10       (none)
 * Teensy++ 2.0      25         4       26, 27
 * Arduino Uno        9         8         10  <----- Form https://www.pjrc.com/teensy/td_libs_AltSoftSerial.html .... (& other ATMEGA328)
 * Arduino Leonardo   5        13       (none)
 * Arduino Mega      46        48       44, 45
 * Wiring-S           5         6          4
 * Sanguino          13        14         12
 * 
 */

// Enable debug prints to serial monitor
#define MY_DEBUG 

// Enable RS485 transport layer
#define MY_RS485

// Define this to enables DE-pin management on defined pin 
#define MY_RS485_DE_PIN 2

// Set RS485 baud rate to use
#define MY_RS485_BAUD_RATE 9600

// Enable serial gateway
#define MY_GATEWAY_SERIAL

// Flash leds on rx/tx/err
#define MY_LEDS_BLINKING_FEATURE
// Set blinking period
#define MY_DEFAULT_LED_BLINK_PERIOD 300

// Enable inclusion mode
//#define MY_INCLUSION_MODE_FEATURE
// Enable Inclusion mode button on gateway
//#define MY_INCLUSION_BUTTON_FEATURE
// Set inclusion mode duration (in seconds)
//#define MY_INCLUSION_MODE_DURATION 60 
// Digital pin used for inclusion mode button
//#define MY_INCLUSION_MODE_BUTTON_PIN  3 

#define MY_DEFAULT_ERR_LED_PIN 4  // Error led pin
#define MY_DEFAULT_RX_LED_PIN  5  // Receive led pin
#define MY_DEFAULT_TX_LED_PIN  6  // the PCB, on board LED

#include <SPI.h>
#include <MySensor.h>  

void setup() { 
  // Setup locally attached sensors
}

void presentation() {
 // Present locally attached sensors 
}

void loop() { 
  // Send locally attached sensor data here 
}

3) Sensor Arduino Pro mini

• What uses to communicate with RS485 bus ? Hardware RS232 Pin RX /TX or AltSoftSerial Pin 2/7/8 ?
• If use AltSoftSerial: PIN 2/8/9 connected directly without pull-up resistors or current limiting ?
• When uploading have I must turn of debug mode in MyConfig.h when use RS485?

/**
...
// Enable RS485 transport layer
#define MY_RS485

// Define this to enables DE-pin manag ement on defined pin 
#define MY_RS485_DE_PIN 2

// Set RS485 baud rate to use
#define MY_RS485_BAUD_RATE 9600

#include <SPI.h>
#include <MySensor.h>
#include <DHT.h>  

#define MY_NODE_ID 15
#define CHILD_ID_HUM 0
#define CHILD_ID_TEMP 1
#define HUMIDITY_SENSOR_DIGITAL_PIN 3
unsigned long SLEEP_TIME = 2000; // Sleep time between reads (in milliseconds)

// Initialize sensors
DHT dht;
float lastTemp;
float lastHum;
boolean metric = true; 
MyMessage msgHum(CHILD_ID_HUM, V_HUM);
MyMessage msgTemp(CHILD_ID_TEMP, V_TEMP);

// Debug
//#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
//SoftwareSerial mySerial(3, 4); // RX, TX

void setup()  
{    
  //mySerial.begin(4800);
  //mySerial.println("Hello, world?");  
  dht.setup(HUMIDITY_SENSOR_DIGITAL_PIN); 
  metric = getConfig().isMetric;  
}


void presentation()  { 
  // Send the Sketch Version Information to the Gateway
  sendSketchInfo("Falskiego LED salon", "1.0");

  // Register all sensors to gw (they will be created as child devices)
  present(CHILD_ID_HUM, S_HUM);
  present(CHILD_ID_TEMP, S_TEMP);
}


void loop()     
{     
  delay(dht.getMinimumSamplingPeriod());
 
  // Fetch temperatures from DHT sensor
  float temperature = dht.getTemperature();
  if (isnan(temperature)) {
      Serial.println("Failed reading temperature from DHT");
  } else if (temperature != lastTemp) {
    lastTemp = temperature;
    if (!metric) {
      temperature = dht.toFahrenheit(temperature);
    }
    send(msgTemp.set(temperature, 1));
    #ifdef MY_DEBUG
    Serial.print("T: ");
    Serial.println(temperature);
    #endif
  }
  
  // Fetch humidity from DHT sensor
  float humidity = dht.getHumidity();
  if (isnan(humidity)) {
      Serial.println("Failed reading humidity from DHT");
  } else if (humidity != lastHum) {
      lastHum = humidity;
      send(msgHum.set(humidity, 1));
      #ifdef MY_DEBUG
      Serial.print("H: ");
      Serial.println(humidity);
      #endif
  }
  
  sleep(SLEEP_TIME); //sleep a bit
}

[pjr]

This post is deleted!

[radekzm]

I made a test: did the system sends data from the sensor DHT22 to the rail 485 using only library AltSoftSerial and everything works properly. So the connection is ok.
I used the same libraries:

#include <AltSoftSerial.h>

The same connections:
http://cmss.pl/arduino/MySensor_RS485_test02_a.JPG

A ) RS485 Gatwaey (arduino nano):
http://cmss.pl/arduino/MySensor_RS485_test02_b.JPG

#define MY_RS485_DE_PIN 2

DE and RE -> Pin 2
RO -> Pin 8
DI -> Pin 9
Uploaded example MySensors Gatwey 485 and own code.

B ) RS485 Sensor DHT22 (arduino nano):
http://cmss.pl/arduino/MySensor_RS485_test02_c.JPG

#define MY_RS485_DE_PIN 2

DE and RE -> Pin 2
RO -> Pin 8
DI -> Pin 9

Unfortunately, nothing works, no reaction, empty on debug console.

Any ideas what could be wrong, what to check ???

[hek]

Sorry to hear, I still haven't verified this so there might be problems.
It's this file that should be of interest:

https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/blob/development/libraries/MySensors/core/MyTransportRS485.cpp

Would be excellent if you had the time to debug it.

[radekzm]

@hek
Ok I will try.

[finezza]

Hi I've tried a couple of months ago with success.
Maybe you have to connect also the GND cable each other.

Bye

[Michal]

Hi,
I have tired similar configuration as radekzm.
2 x Arduino nano connected via RS485 and is looks like only rs485 is not working so my question is; How to verified that connection between to arduinos using library AltSoftSerial is ok ?

Are this connections PIN <-> RS485 (below) OK ?

DE and RE -> Pin 2
RO -> Pin 8
DI -> Pin 9

And below example is working fine (SoftwareSerial.h library)

https://arduino-info.wikispaces.com/SoftwareSerialRS485Example

[radekzm]

@Michal

I'll help when I get back from work.

[elmarculino]

@LeoDesigner
I'm trying a Gateway & 4 relays/4 switches configuration using 1.5.2 version. As @Michal my configuration works fine with this example: https://arduino-info.wikispaces.com/SoftwareSerialRS485Example

Anything wrong with my sketches?

Gateway:

/**
 * The MySensors Arduino library handles the wireless radio link and protocol
 * between your home built sensors/actuators and HA controller of choice.
 * The sensors forms a self healing radio network with optional repeaters. Each
 * repeater and gateway builds a routing tables in EEPROM which keeps track of the
 * network topology allowing messages to be routed to nodes.
 *
 * Created by Henrik Ekblad <henrik.ekblad@mysensors.org>
 * Copyright (C) 2013-2015 Sensnology AB
 * Full contributor list: https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/graphs/contributors
 *
 * Documentation: http://www.mysensors.org
 * Support Forum: http://forum.mysensors.org
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 * version 2 as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 *******************************
 *
 * DESCRIPTION
 * The ArduinoGateway prints data received from sensors on the serial link. 
 * The gateway accepts input on seral which will be sent out on radio network.
 *
 * The GW code is designed for Arduino Nano 328p / 16MHz
 *
 * Wire connections (OPTIONAL):
 * - Inclusion button should be connected between digital pin 3 and GND  
 * - RX/TX/ERR leds need to be connected between +5V (anode) and digital pin 6/5/4 with resistor 270-330R in a series
 *
 * LEDs (OPTIONAL):
 * - To use the feature, uncomment WITH_LEDS_BLINKING in MyConfig.h
 * - RX (green) - blink fast on radio message recieved. In inclusion mode will blink fast only on presentation recieved
 * - TX (yellow) - blink fast on radio message transmitted. In inclusion mode will blink slowly
 * - ERR (red) - fast blink on error during transmission error or recieve crc error 
 * 
 */

#define NO_PORTB_PINCHANGES  

#include <MySigningNone.h>
#include <MyTransportRFM69.h>
//#include <MyTransportNRF24.h>
//#include <MyHwATMega328.h>
#include <MySigningAtsha204Soft.h>
#include <MySigningAtsha204.h>
#include <SerialTransport.h>

#include <SPI.h>  
#include <MyParserSerial.h>  
#include <MySensor.h>  
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <PinChangeInt.h>
#include "GatewayUtil.h"

#define INCLUSION_MODE_TIME 1 // Number of minutes inclusion mode is enabled
#define INCLUSION_MODE_PIN  3 // Digital pin used for inclusion mode button
#define RADIO_ERROR_LED_PIN 4  // Error led pin
#define RADIO_RX_LED_PIN    6  // Receive led pin
#define RADIO_TX_LED_PIN    5  // the PCB, on board LED

// NRFRF24L01 radio driver (set low transmit power by default) 
//MyTransportNRF24 transport(RF24_CE_PIN, RF24_CS_PIN, RF24_PA_LEVEL_GW);
//MyTransportRFM69 transport;
MyTransportSerial transport(Serial,AUTO,2);

// Message signing driver (signer needed if MY_SIGNING_FEATURE is turned on in MyConfig.h)
//MySigningNone signer;
//MySigningAtsha204Soft signer;
//MySigningAtsha204 signer;

// Hardware profile 
MyHwATMega328 hw;

// Construct MySensors library (signer needed if MY_SIGNING_FEATURE is turned on in MyConfig.h)
// To use LEDs blinking, uncomment WITH_LEDS_BLINKING in MyConfig.h
#ifdef WITH_LEDS_BLINKING
MySensor gw(transport, hw /*, signer*/, RADIO_RX_LED_PIN, RADIO_TX_LED_PIN, RADIO_ERROR_LED_PIN);
#else
MySensor gw(transport, hw /*, signer*/);
#endif

char inputString[MAX_RECEIVE_LENGTH] = "";    // A string to hold incoming commands from serial/ethernet interface
int inputPos = 0;
boolean commandComplete = false;  // whether the string is complete

void parseAndSend(char *commandBuffer);

void output(const char *fmt, ... ) {
   va_list args;
   va_start (args, fmt );
   vsnprintf_P(serialBuffer, MAX_SEND_LENGTH, fmt, args);
   va_end (args);
   Serial.print(serialBuffer);
}

  
void setup()  
{ 
  gw.begin(incomingMessage, 0, true, 0);

  setupGateway(INCLUSION_MODE_PIN, INCLUSION_MODE_TIME, output);

  // Add interrupt for inclusion button to pin
  PCintPort::attachInterrupt(pinInclusion, startInclusionInterrupt, RISING);


  // Send startup log message on serial
  serial(PSTR("0;0;%d;0;%d;Gateway startup complete.\n"),  C_INTERNAL, I_GATEWAY_READY);
}

void loop()  
{ 
  gw.process();

  checkButtonTriggeredInclusion();
  checkInclusionFinished();
  
  if (commandComplete) {
    // A command wass issued from serial interface
    // We will now try to send it to the actuator
    parseAndSend(gw, inputString);
    commandComplete = false;  
    inputPos = 0;
  }
}


/*
  SerialEvent occurs whenever a new data comes in the
 hardware serial RX.  This routine is run between each
 time loop() runs, so using delay inside loop can delay
 response.  Multiple bytes of data may be available.
 */
void serialEvent() {
  while (Serial.available()) {
    // get the new byte:
    char inChar = (char)Serial.read(); 
    // if the incoming character is a newline, set a flag
    // so the main loop can do something about it:
    if (inputPos<MAX_RECEIVE_LENGTH-1 && !commandComplete) { 
      if (inChar == '\n') {
        inputString[inputPos] = 0;
        commandComplete = true;
      } else {
        // add it to the inputString:
        inputString[inputPos] = inChar;
        inputPos++;
      }
    } else {
       // Incoming message too long. Throw away 
        inputPos = 0;
    }
  }
}

4 relays / 4 switches

/*
  State change detection (edge detection)

 Often, you don't need to know the state of a digital input all the time,
 but you just need to know when the input changes from one state to another.
 For example, you want to know when a button goes from OFF to ON.  This is called
 state change detection, or edge detection.

 This example shows how to detect when a button or button changes from off to on
 and on to off.

 The circuit:
 * pushbutton attached to pin 2 from +5V
 * 10K resistor attached to pin 2 from ground
 * LED attached from pin 13 to ground (or use the built-in LED on
   most Arduino boards)

 created  27 Sep 2005
 modified 30 Aug 2011
 by Tom Igoe

This example code is in the public domain.

 http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/ButtonStateChange

 */

#include <MySigningNone.h>
//#include <MyTransportNRF24.h>
//#include <MyTransportRFM69.h>
#include <SerialTransport.h>
#include <MyHwATMega328.h>
#include <MySensor.h>
#include <SPI.h>

// this constant won't change:
int buttonPin[] = {9, 10, 11, 12};          // array of pins that the pushbutton is attached to
int relayPin[] = {3, 4, 5, 6};           // array of pins that the relay is attached to
int pinCount = 4;                  // number of buttons/relays attached

// Variables will change:
int buttonState[] = {0, 0};         // current state of the button
int lastButtonState[] = {0, 0};     // previous state of the button

#define RELAY_ON 1
#define RELAY_OFF 0
int relayState[] = {RELAY_OFF, RELAY_OFF};   // counter for the number of button presses


// NRFRF24L01 radio driver (set low transmit power by default) 
MyTransportSerial transport(Serial,AUTO,2); 
//MyTransportRFM69 radio;
// Message signing driver (none default)
//MySigningNone signer;
// Select AtMega328 hardware profile
MyHwATMega328 hw;
// Construct MySensors library
MySensor gw(transport, hw);

void setup() 
{
  // Initialize library and add callback for incoming messages
  gw.begin(incomingMessage, AUTO, true);
  // Send the sketch version information to the gateway and Controller
  gw.sendSketchInfo("Relays & Buttons", "1.0");
  
  for (int i = 0; i < pinCount; i++) {
    // Register all sensors to gw (they will be created as child devices)
    gw.present(buttonPin[i], S_LIGHT);
    gw.present(relayPin[i], S_LIGHT);
    
    // initialize the button pin as a input:
    pinMode(buttonPin[i], INPUT);
    digitalWrite(buttonPin[i], 0);
    // initialize the relay as an output:
    pinMode(relayPin[i], OUTPUT);
    digitalWrite(relayPin[i], gw.loadState(i)?RELAY_ON:RELAY_OFF);
  }
}


void loop() {
  // Alway process incoming messages whenever possible
  gw.process();
  
  for (int i = 0; i < pinCount; i++) {
    MyMessage msg(relayPin[i], V_LIGHT);
    buttonState[i] = digitalRead(buttonPin[i]);

    if (buttonState[i] != lastButtonState[i]) {
      if (buttonState[i] == 1) {
//         gw.send(msg.set(relayState[i]==RELAY_ON ? RELAY_OFF : RELAY_ON));
//          if(relayState[i]==RELAY_ON) gw.send(msg.set(RELAY_OFF));
//          else                        gw.send(msg.set(RELAY_ON));
          if(relayState[i]==RELAY_ON) relayState[i]=RELAY_OFF;
          else                        relayState[i]=RELAY_ON;
      }
      lastButtonState[i] = buttonState[i];
    }
    digitalWrite(relayPin[i], relayState[i]);
  }
}


void incomingMessage(const MyMessage &message) {
  // We only expect one type of message from controller. But we better check anyway.
  if (message.type==V_LIGHT) {
      for (int i = 0; i < pinCount; i++) {
        // digitalWrite(message.sensor-1+relayPin[1], message.getBool()?RELAY_ON:RELAY_OFF);
      }
   } 
}

[LeoDesigner]

@elmarculino
In Gateway:

#include <MyTransportRFM69.h>
//#include <MyTransportNRF24.h>
//#include <MyHwATMega328.h>
...
MyTransportSerial transport(Serial,AUTO,2);

Should be:

//#include <MyTransportRFM69.h>
//#include <MyTransportNRF24.h>
#include <MyHwATMega328.h>
....
MyTransportSerial transport(Serial,0,2);

In 4relay / 4 switches:
Personally I am assigning a static ID to nodes, so I did not tested an AUTO option in gw.init. However I think this it should work. Also make sure you are downloaded a latest Serial transport class from github with some minor corrections.

[elmarculino]

@LeoDesigner
Thanks for the help. I made the changes you pointed out, but still no lucky. What controller are you using? This should work in a direct crossover connection too?

[LeoDesigner]

@elmarculino
I am using a custom controller based on the node-red, mqtt broker and homeassitant with mqtt bindings. But this is not essential - you can use 'nc GW_IP GW_PORT' from unix command line to issue commands to gateway directly. Try to separate your basic building blocks to smallest parts and then debug it.

[elmarculino]

@LeoDesigner I still could not make it work in 1.5.2 with your library, but I will keep trying. Thanks!

@hek I finally could make a gateway / sensor (Humidity) connection via RS485 using the development branch. Is any Controller compatible with the development branch? Thanks!

0;255;3;0;9;Starting gateway (RSNGA-, 2.0.0-beta)
0;255;3;0;9;Radio init successful.
0;255;3;0;14;Gateway startup complete.
0;255;3;0;9;Init complete, id=0, parent=0, distance=0
0;255;3;0;9;read: 1-1-0 s=0,c=1,t=1,pt=7,l=5,sg=0:44.0
1;0;1;0;1;44.0
0;255;3;0;9;read: 1-1-0 s=0,c=1,t=1,pt=7,l=5,sg=0:43.0
1;0;1;0;1;43.0
0;255;3;0;9;read: 1-1-0 s=0,c=1,t=1,pt=7,l=5,sg=0:44.0
1;0;1;0;1;44.0
0;255;3;0;9;read: 1-1-0 s=1,c=1,t=0,pt=7,l=5,sg=0:27.0
1;1;1;0;0;27.0

[hek]

Great to hear. Did you need to make any adjustments?

Yes, the serial protocol is backward compatible. So any controller should work as good.

[elmarculino]

@hek None. Works out of the box. But I could not make it work with Home Assistant.

Pin 9 >>> DI
Pin 8 >>> RO
Pin 2 >>> DE and RE

INFO:mysensors.mysensors:/dev/ttyUSB0 is open...
INFO:mysensors.mysensors:Connected to /dev/ttyUSB0
INFO:mysensors.mysensors:n:0 c:255 t:3 s:9 p:read: 1-1-0 s=0,c=1,
WARNING:mysensors.mysensors:Error decoding message from gateway, probably received bad byte.
WARNING:mysensors.mysensors:Error decoding message from gateway, probably received bad byte.
WARNING:mysensors.mysensors:Error decoding message from gateway, probably received bad byte.```

[elmarculino]

@LeoDesigner My 1.5.2 RS485 Humidity sensor send the same messages as the example Humidity sketch, but shows a lot of 'X' and '?' characters at 115200 in Serial Console.

The console with the example Humidity sketch is clean:

sensor started, id=1, parent=0, distance=1
send: 1-1-0-0 s=255,c=3,t=11,pt=0,l=8,sg=0,st=ok:Humidity
send: 1-1-0-0 s=255,c=3,t=12,pt=0,l=3,sg=0,st=ok:1.0
send: 1-1-0-0 s=0,c=0,t=7,pt=0,l=0,sg=0,st=ok:
send: 1-1-0-0 s=1,c=0,t=6,pt=0,l=0,sg=0,st=ok:
send: 1-1-0-0 s=1,c=1,t=0,pt=7,l=5,sg=0,st=ok:26.0
T: 26.00
send: 1-1-0-0 s=0,c=1,t=1,pt=7,l=5,sg=0,st=ok:44.0
H: 44.00

Do you know what can be causing it? Am I doing anything wrong, again?

#include <SPI.h>
#include <MySensor.h>  
#include <DHT.h>  
#include <MyHwATMega328.h>
#include <SerialTransport.h>

#define CHILD_ID_HUM 0
#define CHILD_ID_TEMP 1
#define HUMIDITY_SENSOR_DIGITAL_PIN 3
unsigned long SLEEP_TIME = 30000; // Sleep time between reads (in milliseconds)

MyTransportSerial transport(Serial,5,2); 
MyHwATMega328 hw;
MySensor gw(transport, hw);
DHT dht;
float lastTemp;
float lastHum;
boolean metric = true; 
MyMessage msgHum(CHILD_ID_HUM, V_HUM);
MyMessage msgTemp(CHILD_ID_TEMP, V_TEMP);


void setup()  
{ 
  gw.begin();
  dht.setup(HUMIDITY_SENSOR_DIGITAL_PIN); 

  // Send the Sketch Version Information to the Gateway
  gw.sendSketchInfo("Humidity", "1.0");

  // Register all sensors to gw (they will be created as child devices)
  gw.present(CHILD_ID_HUM, S_HUM);
  gw.present(CHILD_ID_TEMP, S_TEMP);
  
  metric = gw.getConfig().isMetric;
}

void loop()      
{  
  delay(dht.getMinimumSamplingPeriod());

  float temperature = dht.getTemperature();
  if (isnan(temperature)) {
      Serial.println("Failed reading temperature from DHT");
  } else if (temperature != lastTemp) {
    lastTemp = temperature;
    if (!metric) {
      temperature = dht.toFahrenheit(temperature);
    }
    gw.send(msgTemp.set(temperature, 1));
    Serial.print("T: ");
    Serial.println(temperature);
  }
  
  float humidity = dht.getHumidity();
  if (isnan(humidity)) {
      Serial.println("Failed reading humidity from DHT");
  } else if (humidity != lastHum) {
      lastHum = humidity;
      gw.send(msgHum.set(humidity, 1));
      Serial.print("H: ");
      Serial.println(humidity);
  }

  gw.sleep(SLEEP_TIME); //sleep a bit
}

[LeoDesigner]

@elmarculino
My library is using a standard hardware serial port of arduino - you have to disable debug option in MySensors config and use the serial port only for RS485. The 'garbage' you are receiving are actual binary communication packets intended only for RS485 bus. You have to disconnect your serial to usb adapter in case if you are using Arduino Pro. Please take a closer look to the video and schematic coming with the library. You can use and 'sniff' your serial console - but you must to disable any additional serial debug prints to the console in production mode. Remember - your serial console is a RS485 bus with this library.

[Michal]

@radekzm
OK, what I did:
on one Arduino nano I have this sketch
https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/blob/development/libraries/MySensors/examples/GatewaySerialRS485/GatewaySerialRS485.ino
on second arduino nano I have conbined two sketches:
https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/blob/development/libraries/MySensors/examples/DistanceSensor/DistanceSensor.ino
and
https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/blob/development/libraries/MySensors/examples/MotionSensorRS485/MotionSensorRS485.ino
and the results is:

/**
 * The MySensors Arduino library handles the wireless radio link and protocol
 * between your home built sensors/actuators and HA controller of choice.
 * The sensors forms a self healing radio network with optional repeaters. Each
 * repeater and gateway builds a routing tables in EEPROM which keeps track of the
 * network topology allowing messages to be routed to nodes.
 *
 * Created by Henrik Ekblad <henrik.ekblad@mysensors.org>
 * Copyright (C) 2013-2015 Sensnology AB
 * Full contributor list: https://github.com/mysensors/Arduino/graphs/contributors
 *
 * Documentation: http://www.mysensors.org
 * Support Forum: http://forum.mysensors.org
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 * version 2 as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 *******************************
 *
 * REVISION HISTORY
 * Version 1.0 - Henrik Ekblad
 * 
 * DESCRIPTION
 * This is an example of sensors using RS485 as transport layer
 * 
 * Motion Sensor example using HC-SR501 
 * http://www.mysensors.org/build/motion
 * 
 * The transport uses AltSoftSerial to handle two serial links 
 * on one Arduino. Use the following pins for RS485 link
 * 
 *  Board          Transmit  Receive   PWM Unusable
 * -----          --------  -------   ------------
 * Teensy 3.0 & 3.1  21        20         22
 * Teensy 2.0         9        10       (none)
 * Teensy++ 2.0      25         4       26, 27
 * Arduino Uno        9         8         10
 * Arduino Leonardo   5        13       (none)
 * Arduino Mega      46        48       44, 45
 * Wiring-S           5         6          4
 * Sanguino          13        14         12 * 
 * 
 */


// Enable RS485 transport layer
#define MY_RS485

// Define this to enables DE-pin management on defined pin 
#define MY_RS485_DE_PIN 2

// Set RS485 baud rate to use
#define MY_RS485_BAUD_RATE 9600

#include <SPI.h>
#include <MySensor.h>
#include <NewPing.h>

#define CHILD_ID 1
#define TRIGGER_PIN  5  // Arduino pin tied to trigger pin on the ultrasonic sensor.
#define ECHO_PIN     6  // Arduino pin tied to echo pin on the ultrasonic sensor.
#define MAX_DISTANCE 300 // Maximum distance we want to ping for (in centimeters). Maximum sensor distance is rated at 400-500cm.
unsigned long SLEEP_TIME = 5000; // Sleep time between reads (in milliseconds)

NewPing sonar(TRIGGER_PIN, ECHO_PIN, MAX_DISTANCE); // NewPing setup of pins and maximum distance.
MyMessage msg(CHILD_ID, V_DISTANCE);
int lastDist;
boolean metric = true; 

void setup()  
{  
  metric = getConfig().isMetric;
}

void presentation() {
  // Send the sketch version information to the gateway and Controller
  sendSketchInfo("Distance Sensor", "1.0");

  // Register all sensors to gw (they will be created as child devices)
  present(CHILD_ID, S_DISTANCE);
}

void loop()     
{     
  int dist = metric?sonar.ping_cm():sonar.ping_in();
  Serial.print("Ping: ");
  Serial.print(dist); // Convert ping time to distance in cm and print result (0 = outside set distance range)
  Serial.println(metric?" cm":" in");

  if (dist != lastDist) {
      send(msg.set(dist));
      lastDist = dist;
  }

  sleep(SLEEP_TIME);
}

On serial port (/dev/ttyUSB0) Controller (first nano) I see:
0;255;3;0;9;Starting gateway (RSNGA-, 2.0.0-beta)
0;255;3;0;9;Radio init successful.
0;255;3;0;14;Gateway startup complete.
0;255;3;0;9;Init complete, id=0, parent=0, distance=0

on serial port(/dev/ttyUSB1) in node is see:
...
Ping: 33 cm
Ping: 34 cm
Ping: 34 cm
Ping: 33 cm
Ping: 33 cm
Ping: 33 cm
Ping: 5 cm
Ping: 91 cm
Ping: 88 cm
Ping: 89 cm
......

But I expect to see some message on controller. What can I check? Do you see and mistakes ?

[Mariusz]

Hi,
I am new in mysensors and arduino however I already use domoticz with mysensors and rflink.
Everything is working fine however now I plan to renovate my house and I would like to put wire connection using max485 and arduino. Problem is that it is now working I have tried 1.5.4 version and also development branch. It seems that signal is not getting to gateway. I nothing see on arduino gateway except of initalization gateway. I have started to use two nano but I also tried combination nano and mega without success. I would be very appreciate if someone who done it could more describe how to make that it works.
I tried https://arduino-info.wikispaces.com/SoftwareSerialRS485Example and it works fine.
I use for nano combination pins 2 (de/re), 8 (ro),9(di)

[radekzm]

@Mariusz jak jesteś Polakiem ? Jeżeli tak to mogę Ci pomóc po polsku będzie łatwiej

[m26872]

@radekzm Please use private chat/PM if you don't intend everyone to read it.

[radekzm]

@m26872
I'm sorry and promises to improve

@Mariusz
In my case the solution was in MyConfig.h file (in my case C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\libraries\MySensors):

1. Disable function MY_DISABLED_SERIAL
   commenting lines 49
   // #define MY_DISABLED_SERIAL

2. Disable function MY_DEBUG
   commenting lines 36
   //#define MY_DEBUG

3. Correct connection is on my pictures enclosed in the above comment

Board | Transmit | Receive | PWM Unusable
Arduino Uno | 9 | 8 | 10 <----- Form https://www.pjrc.com/teensy/td_libs_AltSoftSerial.html .... (& other ATMEGA328)
Arduino Leonardo | 5 | 13 | (none)
Arduino Mega | 46 | 48 | 44, 45

DE and RE -> Pin 2
RO -> Pin 8
DI -> Pin 9

1. To check the hardware and connections run the "Example Program" from https://www.pjrc.com/teensy/td_libs_AltSoftSerial.html

2. Use development branch

[skatun]

@LeoDesigner
Hi, I am trying to do almost the same, but I would like to use softwareSerial instead of altsoft. The reason why I would do this is that i can barely fit the arduino nano inside my case, and an additional rs485 module would not fit and that I have 8 nodes connected on the softwareserial . I have tested software serial on arduino and it seems to work fine up to 15meters, I also adjusted the baudrate to 9600 since my node does not send out/receive large amount of data. I read that you did some work on software serial and were wondering if you could take a look at this thread.

[CrankyCoder]

Is there any how-to's on this transport class as far as the hardware goes? How does it work with multiple nodes? Is it like a ring pattern? or do all the nodes have to have a dedicated connection to the gateway.

[tbowmo]

Depends on your physical transport layer. I would say a multidrop link where everything is in parallel..

[hausinger]

Is it possible, to built a esp8266 wifi gateway and communicate GW to node with rs485?
In altsoft esp8266 is not decleared, so i can't use it out of the box.

Btw: I tested my_rs485 with nano as GW and Pro Mini as node, and it worked great. Thank you

[hek]

@hausinger I don't think so. I haven't heard of anyone trying. I guess you'd have to replace alt-soft-serial with something else.

[scalz]

@hausinger if you know about coding..

• plain C lib for esp8266, it can be adapted to work with Arduino Esp: https://github.com/plieningerweb/esp8266-software-uart
• or use stock arduino esp8266 software serial lib (https://github.com/plerup/espsoftwareserial), and inspire yourself from lib above, and code your CE pin management..

[Bart]

Hi,

Any reason why this lib is not using Serial1 or Serial2 on Arduino Mega 2560 instead of AltSoftSerial?

[hek]

@Bartek-Celary
No, not really. Just that not many that uses 2560.

[Bart]

How about adding the following define to use the Serial1/2 on Mega. I have not tested yet but assuming the AltSoftSerial lib has the same interface/functionality it should work.

#define MY_RS485_SERIAL Serial1

diff --git a/core/MyTransportRS485.cpp b/core/MyTransportRS485.cpp
index 814f721..ea35c9e 100644
--- a/core/MyTransportRS485.cpp
+++ b/core/MyTransportRS485.cpp
@@ -92,7 +92,11 @@ unsigned char _recSender;
 unsigned char _recCS;
 unsigned char _recCalcCS;
 
+#if defined(MY_RS485_SERIAL)
+HardwareSerial& _dev = MY_RS485_SERIAL;
+#else
 AltSoftSerial _dev;
+#endif
 
 
 unsigned char _nodeId;

[hek]

Looks like a neat solution. If it verifies ok, please create a pull request agains the development branch.

[lan]

I understand that the RS485 is a separate gateway to communicate. Is it also possible to have the wireless gateway and RS485 gateway combined?

[hek]

Currently, no..

[lan]

@hek Thanks for the quick response. I'm looking for some direction (this might not be the right forum).
I want to create a node to control my Itho Ecofan ventilation box. I now have a working program (thanks to the help of Rogier Reedijk The nodo now uses a CC1101 transceiver to control the box and thus uses the SPI bus. I'm looking for some direction to use this transmitter as part of my sensor network so I can control it from my Domoticz. Hope you can give me some directions how to proceed.

[hek]

Why do you need to hook it up to RS485 wired network? Can't you just forwards commands to the CC11001 from any radio node or the gateway?

[lan]

Is it then possible to use the two radio's on one node and share the SPI bus?

[hek]

Yes, if the CC11001 behaves correctly.

[lan]

Thanks, will try that

[elektro12345]

Hello,
I have a problem running gatewayserial to rs-485 and the node with the usual lightsensor.
NODE # 1 as a gateway and tried to upload a sketch of the library 2.0 and 1.5.4, and the monitor serial I can not see any data, I use to check on the serial PuTTy com6 because the converter rs-485 to USB is connected to the PC.

NODE # 2 as a light sensor, during the upload Sketch by arduino programmer for serial monitor can see the data being sent but after plugging arduino to rs-485 as below no longer visible.

My question is whether I have something wrong with the connection or sketch, can someone show an example of a complete sketch for the gateway, and a node?

Connection mine looks like this:
TX and RX Connect was to pins 0 and 1 in arduino or 8 and 9, DE is always PIN 2.

[hek]

Looks like you got the pins to the Arduino wrong.

Pin 9 >>> DI
Pin 8 >>> RO
Pin 2 >>> DE and RE

[hek]

I need a nice picture done in fritzing (or similar) for an article on the main site on how to connect the RS485 module (atmega 328 enough I guess).

Anyone volunteering in making one?

[CrankyCoder]

so this is a 1 to 1 setup right? There is nothing here for multiple serial nodes correct?

[hek]

Aren't they just daisy chained?

[elektro12345]

@hek
On the pictures is connect to TX and RX pins arduino but I tried to connect to pins 8,9,2 and result was the same
On thsi connections with pins 8,9,2 ofcourse and library mysensors 2.0 should works fine ?

[hek]

Yes, people have reported the RS485 transport working above.

I just created this article with a summary of this thread
https://www.mysensors.org/build/rs485

[Bart]

@elektro12345

So what's with the DE+RE pins on that USB-RS485 converter? Will it even work in this configuration? I do have such converter but so far I've used the arduino as a SerialGateway to connect to RPi.

[Bart]

I am not sure if I am seeing a normal behavior. I don't know if it is expected that the sensor is taking such long time to become visible to the GW. I have recreated the examples from https://www.mysensors.org/build/rs485

The only difference is that I've added SketchInfo for the GW and used Serial1 on MEGA board instead of AltSoftSerial.

The debug on the motion sensor is as follows:

MCO:BGN:INIT NODE,CP=RSNNA--,VER=2.0.1-beta
TSM:INIT
TSM:INIT:TSP OK
TSF:ASID:OK,ID=1
TSM:FPAR
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-255-255,s=255,c=3,t=7,pt=0,l=0,sg=0,ft=0,st=bc:
!TSM:FPAR:NO REPLY
TSM:FPAR
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-255-255,s=255,c=3,t=7,pt=0,l=0,sg=0,ft=0,st=bc:
!TSM:FPAR:NO REPLY
TSM:FPAR
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-255-255,s=255,c=3,t=7,pt=0,l=0,sg=0,ft=0,st=bc:
!TSM:FPAR:NO REPLY
TSM:FPAR
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-255-255,s=255,c=3,t=7,pt=0,l=0,sg=0,ft=0,st=bc:
!TSM:FPAR:FAIL
TSM:FAILURE
TSM:FAILURE:PDT
TSM:FAILURE:RE-INIT
TSM:INIT
TSM:INIT:TSP OK
TSF:ASID:OK,ID=1
TSM:FPAR
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-255-255,s=255,c=3,t=7,pt=0,l=0,sg=0,ft=0,st=bc:
TSF:MSG:READ,0-0-1,s=255,c=3,t=8,pt=1,l=1,sg=0:0
TSF:MSG:FPAR RES,ID=0,D=0
TSF:MSG:FPAR OK,ID=0,D=1
TSM:FPAR:OK
TSM:ID
TSM:ID:OK,ID=1
TSM:UPL
TSF:PING:SEND,TO=0
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-0-0,s=255,c=3,t=24,pt=1,l=1,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:1
TSF:CHKUPL:FAIL
!TSM:UPL:FAIL
TSM:FPAR
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-255-255,s=255,c=3,t=7,pt=0,l=0,sg=0,ft=0,st=bc:
TSF:MSG:READ,0-0-1,s=255,c=3,t=8,pt=1,l=1,sg=0:0
TSF:MSG:FPAR RES,ID=0,D=0
TSF:MSG:FPAR OK,ID=0,D=1
TSM:FPAR:OK
TSM:ID
TSM:ID:OK,ID=1
TSM:UPL
TSF:PING:SEND,TO=0
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-0-0,s=255,c=3,t=24,pt=1,l=1,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:1
TSF:CHKUPL:FAIL
!TSM:UPL:FAIL
TSM:FPAR
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-255-255,s=255,c=3,t=7,pt=0,l=0,sg=0,ft=0,st=bc:
TSF:MSG:READ,0-0-1,s=255,c=3,t=8,pt=1,l=1,sg=0:0
TSF:MSG:FPAR RES,ID=0,D=0
TSF:MSG:FPAR OK,ID=0,D=1
TSM:FPAR:OK
TSM:ID
TSM:ID:OK,ID=1
TSM:UPL
TSF:PING:SEND,TO=0
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-0-0,s=255,c=3,t=24,pt=1,l=1,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:1
TSF:CHKUPL:FAIL
!TSM:UPL:FAIL
TSM:FPAR
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-255-255,s=255,c=3,t=7,pt=0,l=0,sg=0,ft=0,st=bc:
TSF:MSG:READ,0-0-1,s=255,c=3,t=8,pt=1,l=1,sg=0:0
TSF:MSG:FPAR RES,ID=0,D=0
TSF:MSG:FPAR OK,ID=0,D=1
TSM:FPAR:OK
TSM:ID
TSM:ID:OK,ID=1
TSM:UPL
TSF:PING:SEND,TO=0
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-0-0,s=255,c=3,t=24,pt=1,l=1,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:1
TSF:CHKUPL:FAIL
!TSM:UPL:FAIL
TSM:FPAR
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-255-255,s=255,c=3,t=7,pt=0,l=0,sg=0,ft=0,st=bc:
TSF:MSG:READ,0-0-1,s=255,c=3,t=8,pt=1,l=1,sg=0:0
TSF:MSG:FPAR RES,ID=0,D=0
TSF:MSG:FPAR OK,ID=0,D=1
TSM:FPAR:OK
TSM:ID
TSM:ID:OK,ID=1
TSM:UPL
TSF:PING:SEND,TO=0
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-0-0,s=255,c=3,t=24,pt=1,l=1,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:1
TSF:MSG:READ,0-0-1,s=255,c=3,t=25,pt=1,l=1,sg=0:1
TSF:MSG:PONG RECV,HP=1
TSF:CHKUPL:OK
TSM:UPL:OK
TSM:READY
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-0-0,s=255,c=3,t=15,pt=6,l=2,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:0100
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-0-0,s=255,c=0,t=17,pt=0,l=10,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:2.0.1-beta
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-0-0,s=255,c=3,t=6,pt=1,l=1,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:0
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-0-0,s=255,c=3,t=11,pt=0,l=13,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:Motion Sensor
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-0-0,s=255,c=3,t=12,pt=0,l=3,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:1.0
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-0-0,s=1,c=0,t=1,pt=0,l=0,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:
MCO:REG:REQ
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-0-0,s=255,c=3,t=26,pt=1,l=1,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:2
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-0-0,s=255,c=3,t=26,pt=1,l=1,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:2
TSF:MSG:READ,0-0-1,s=255,c=3,t=27,pt=1,l=1,sg=0:1
MCO:PIM:NODE REG=1
MCO:BGN:STP
MCO:BGN:INIT OK,ID=1,PAR=0,DIS=1,REG=1
0
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-0-0,s=1,c=1,t=16,pt=0,l=1,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:0
0
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-0-0,s=1,c=1,t=16,pt=0,l=1,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:0
0
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-0-0,s=1,c=1,t=16,pt=0,l=1,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:0
0
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-0-0,s=1,c=1,t=16,pt=0,l=1,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:0
0
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-0-0,s=1,c=1,t=16,pt=0,l=1,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:0
0
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-0-0,s=1,c=1,t=16,pt=0,l=1,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:0
0
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-0-0,s=1,c=1,t=16,pt=0,l=1,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:0
0
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-0-0,s=1,c=1,t=16,pt=0,l=1,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:0
0
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-0-0,s=1,c=1,t=16,pt=0,l=1,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:0
0
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-0-0,s=1,c=1,t=16,pt=0,l=1,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:0
0
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-0-0,s=1,c=1,t=16,pt=0,l=1,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:0
0
TSF:MSG:SEND,1-1-0-0,s=1,c=1,t=16,pt=0,l=1,sg=0,ft=0,st=OK:0

I don't know how to obtain debug from the Gateway Serial but as far as the GW messages on the console it looked as follows:

0;255;3;0;14;Gateway startup complete.
0;255;0;0;18;2.0.1-beta
0;255;3;0;11;SerialGateway
0;255;3;0;12;0.1
1;255;3;0;6;0
1;255;3;0;11;Motion Sensor
1;255;3;0;12;1.0
1;1;0;0;1;
1;1;1;0;16;0
1;1;1;0;16;0
1;1;1;0;16;0
1;1;1;0;16;0
1;1;1;0;16;0

As you see it takes a fair amount of time (around 30-40 secs) to obtain the readings from the sensor. This happens each time I reset the sensor node but it works instantly if I reset the GW (i.e. the readings appear instantly after the reset). Is it expected behavior?

[hek]

30 seconds sound like a long time.. Not sure what could be wrong. I don't have any test setup here unfortunately.

[kduino]

Hi,
I am wondering if I can just use the mySensors Lib to pass on the data via another connection. Currently I have a Loxone Controller which accepts UDP and TCP/IP connections (and others, but I chose these). As gateway I have an ArduinoMega and the network is running on RS485.
So my understanding is that I can setup the network with the mySensors code and all the data is collected by the gateway which passes the data via UDP to the controller. V.v. the controller sends the data to the gateway which passes tha data on to the correspondent node.
Is there any project similar to this?
Thank you very much for your help!
Best regards Kduino

[elektro12345]

@Bart I do not know what You mean with DE+RE pins on the converter.
On the converter You connect A and B calbe from bus.
DE and RE pins fromMAX485 You connect with sealf and connect to pin in my case D2 on Arduino.

[elektro12345]

I have a question, when I wont send do domoticz from Arduino presentation lightsensor I can send by serial something like this:

1;2;0;0;16;V_LIGHT_LEVEL

and domoticz will understend that is the lightsensor LUX ?

[Bart]

@hek

I was able to solve that long initialization problem with removing AltSoftSerial completely and using another Mega board on Serial1 serving as a GW. It looks like the AltSoftSerial on Nano was not working well with Serial1 on Mega.

Strange that although now it works almost instantly, the reading of data from the HA takes longer than before... Not sure what could be causing this.

It looks that these RS485 modules have the resistors already added between A and B cables and +5 and GND so I don't think that could be an issue.

[hek]

Thanks for the feedback.

So how should the modules be inter-connected? Do you have time to create some drawing for the instruction page?

[Bart]

@hek
I will do the schematic once I solve all issues as I am still losing events while connected to Home Assistant. Need to check whether it is because of pymysensors library (Home Assistant side) or if there is still some GW <-> Sensors problem. At this moment my Sensors board has around 48 binary states one can set/read from the controller and at the same time they are changeable via input pins (falling edge toggles the switch).

To give a quick overview of my setup:

2 x (MEGA 2560 + RS485 module)

I have the following connections for each mega+rs485 module:

• +5/GND connected to respective pins on rs485 module
• D2 connected to RE/DE
• D18 <-> RO
• D19 <-> DI

The A and B lines are connected to each other. (A-A, B-B). And most importantly I am using the above mentioned minor change in the MyTransportRS485.cpp to replace altSoftSerial with Serial1 (https://forum.mysensors.org/topic/1947/rs485-rs232-serial-transport-class-for-mysensors-org/99)

and just if anyone would like to try it here's the config I am using:

// Gateway:
#define MY_RS485
#define MY_RS485_DE_PIN 2
#define MY_RS485_BAUD_RATE 9600
#define MY_GATEWAY_SERIAL
// below not official for getting the Serial1
#define MY_RS485_SERIAL Serial1

// Sensor node
#define MY_DEBUG
#define MY_RS485
#define MY_RS485_DE_PIN 2
#define MY_RS485_BAUD_RATE 9600
// below not official for getting the Serial1
#define MY_RS485_SERIAL Serial1